To ebonise pine, take 1 gal. of water, l lb. of logwood chips, 1/2 lb. of copperas, 1/2 lb. of extract of logwood, 2 oz. of indigo blue, and 2 oz. of lampblack. Put into an old iron pot and boil slowly. When cold, strain through canvas, then add 1/4 oz. of powdered nut galls. Or take 1 gal. of vinegar, 2 lb. of extract of logwood 1/2 lb. of green copperas, 2 oz. of China blue, and 2 oz. of nut galls. Boil over a slow fire. Give at least two coats with an old brush. When dry, intensify the black by brushing over with iron solution, made by steeping a good handful of iron filings or rusty nails in 1/2 pt. of vinegar; smooth down with glasspaper, then fill in the grain with a filler made of finely crushed whiting, lampblack and turps made into a stiff paste: finish with polish - to make which add to 1 pt. of methylated spirit 1 oz. to 6 oz. of best orange shellac and 1/4 oz. of black aniline spirit dye.