This section is from the book "Scientific American Reference Book. A Manual for the Office, Household and Shop", by Albert A. Hopkins, A. Russell Bond. Also available from Amazon: Scientific American Reference Book.
Common Names. | Chemical Names. |
Alum..................... | Sulphate of aluminum and potassium |
Aqua fortis.............. | Nitric acid |
Aqua regia............ | Nitro-hydrochloric acid |
Calomel............. | Mercurous chloride |
Carbolic acid........... | Phenol |
Caustic potash.......... | Potassium hydrate |
Caustic soda............. | Sodium hydrate |
Chalk......... | Calcium carbonate |
Copperas............ | Sulphate of iron |
Corrosive sublimate.. | Mercuric chloride |
Cream of tartar....... | Bitartrate of potassium |
Epsom salts........... | Magnesium sulphate |
Fire damp...... | Light carbureted hydrogen, methane |
Glauber's salt........ | Sodium sulphate |
Grape sugar......... | Glucose |
Goulard water...... | Basic acetate of lead |
Iron pyrites........... | Sulphide of iron |
Jewelers' putty....... | Oxide of tin |
Laughing gas...... | Nitrous oxide |
Lime................ | Calcium oxide |
Lunar caustic......... | Silver nitrate |
Mosaic gold........... | Bisulphide of tin |
Muriatic acid............ | Hydrochloric acid |
Plaster of Paris.............. | Calcium sulphate |
Realgar.................. | Sulphide of arsenic |
Red lead............. | Oxide of lead |
Rochelle salt........ | Sodium potassium tartrate |
Sal ammoniac........ | Ammonium chloride |
Salt, common............. | Sodium chloride |
Salt of tartar (potash) | Potassium carbonate |
Saltpetre......... | Potassium nitrate |
Salts of lemon.......... | Oxalic acid |
Slaked lime........... | Calcium hydrate |
Soda, washing........ | Sodium carbonate |
Soda, baking........... | Sodium bicarbonate |
Soda........... | Sodium carbonate |
Spirits of hartshorn.... | Ammonia, solution of |
Spirits of salt......... | Hydrochloric acid |
Sugar of lead........... | Lead acetate |
Tartar emetic......... | Potassium antimony tartrate |
Verdigris........ | Basic acetate of copper |
Vermilion...... | Sulphide of mercury |
Vinegar........... | Dilute acetic acid |
Vitriol, blue.......... | Copper sulphate |
" green......... | Ferrous sulphate |
" oil of....... | Sulphuric acid |
white....... | Zinc sulphate |
Volatile alkali.......... | Ammonia |
(1) For liquids heavier than water: Subtract the degree of Baume from 145 and divide into 145. The quotient is the specific gravity.
(2) For liquids lighter than water: Add the degree of Baume to 130 and divide it into 140. The quotient is the specific gravity.
(1) For liquids heavier than water: Divide the specific gravity into 145 and subtract from 145. The remainder is the degree of Baume.
(2) For liquids lighter than water: Divide the specific gravity into 140 and subtract 130 from the quotient. The remainder will be the degree of Baume.
 
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