1. Fraxinus Americàna L. White Ash. Cane Ash

Fig. 3314

Fraxinus americana L. Sp. Pl. 1057. I753.

A large forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 130o and a trunk diameter of 6°. Twigs, petioles and rachis of the leaves glabrous; leaflets 5-9 (commonly 7), ovate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong or rarely slightly obo-vate, stalked, entire or denticulate, dark green above, pale or light green and often pubescent beneath, 3-5' long, 1'-2' wide, acuminate or acute at the apex, mostly rounded at the base; flowers dioecious (rarely monoecious), the calyx of the pistillate present and persistent; anthers linear-oblong; samara 1'-2' long, its body terete, not margined, winged only from near the summit, one-fourth to one-half the length of the linear-oblong or lanceolate wing. In rich woods, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Minnesota, Florida, Kansas and Texas. Wood heavy, hard, strong, brown; weight per cubic foot 41 lbs. April-Tune.

2. Fraxinus Biltmoreàna Beadle. Bilt-More Ash

Fig. 3315

F. biltmoreana Beadle, Bot. Gaz. 25: 358. 1898.

Similar to Fraxinus americana, becoming at least 6o° high, but the young twigs, petioles and leaf-rachis densely pubescent or tomentose. Leaflets 7-9, stalked, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, entire-margined, or obscurely dentate, dark green and somewhat shining above, pale and more or less pubescent beneath; samara 1 1/2'-2' long, the narrow terminal wing 2-4 times as long as the oblong nearly terete plump body and but little decurrent upon it.

Woodlands and river-banks, Pennsylvania to Georgia. April-May.

3. Fraxinus Darlingtònii Britton. Darlington's Ash

Fig. 3316

F. Darlingtonii Britton, Man. 725. 1901.

A tree, attaining a height of 700 or more, the twigs smooth or velvety, the twigs sometimes remaining velvety until the close of the growing season. Leaflets 5-7, ovate to oblong-ovate, usually denticulate, glabrous, or pubescent beneath, stalked, acute or acuminate, 3' long or less; samara narrowly linear, not spatulate, 2'-3' long, about 2" wide, the narrow wing decurrent on the slender, terete, seed-bearing part only to about its middle.

Hillsides, river-batiks and wet woods, Massachusetts to New York, Alabama and Louisiana. Wood hard, brown, strong. April-June.

4. Fraxinus Michaùxii Britton. Michaux's Ash

Fig. 3317

Fraxinus Michauxii Britton, Man. Ed. 2, 1075. 1905. A tree, attaining a height of 40o or more, the hark rough and fissured, the young twigs glabrous or velvety. Leaflets 5-9, stalked, firm in texture, oblong-lanceolate, entire-margined, or slightly undulate, 4-5' long, 1'-2 1/2 wide, acute, dark green above, pale green, and more or less pubescent, at least on the veins beneath; flowers dioecious; samara broadly spatulate, 1 1/2"-2' long, 4"-5" wide, the thick blunt or notched wing as long as or longer than the linear, nearly round body and decurrent upon it to or about the middle.

Wet grounds, southern New York to Indiana and North Carolina. April-May.