6. Viorna Glaucophýlla Small. Glaucous Leather-Flower

Fig. 1949

Clematis glaucophylla Small, Bull. Torr. Club 24: 337. 1897.

Viorna glaucophylla Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 439. 1903.

A red-stemmed vine up to 15o long. Leaves either simple and entire or lobed, or trifoliolate, ovate, 4' long or less, acute, acuminate or apiculate at the apex, mostly cordate or subcordate at the base, rather strongly nerved, pale and glaucous beneath when mature; calyx red-purple, glabrous, glossy, conic-ovoid, about 1' long, the sepals thick, lanceolate, their tips a little spreading; anthers short-tipped, about as long as the filaments; achenes nearly orbicular; persistent styles plumose.

Thickets and river-banks, Kentucky and North Carolina to Alabama and northern Florida. May-July.

7. Viorna Ochroleùca (Ait.) Small. Erect Silky Leather-Flower

Fig. 1950

Clematis ochroleuca Ait. Hort. Kew. 2: 260. 1789. Clematis sericea Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 319. 1803. Viorna ochroleuca Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 439. 1903.

An erect silky-hairy plant, 1°-2° high, somewhat woody at the base. Leaves simple, sessile, ovate, obtuse, glabrous and reticulated above, silky beneath, entire or occasionally lobed, mucronate; flower terminal, nodding, 10" long; calyx cylindra-ceous, green; sepals thick, very silky without, their tips recurved; head of fruit erect; achenes scarcely oblique; persistent styles yellowish-brown, plumose throughout, 1'-2' long.

Staten Island, Pennsylvania, and southward to Georgia. Local. Dwarf clematis. Curly-heads. May-June.

8. Viorna Ovàta (Pursh) Small. Erect Mountain Leather-Flower

Fig. 1951

Clematis ovata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 736. 1814. V. ovata Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 439. 1903.

Similar to the preceding species, stems stiff, 1°-2° tall, pubescent when young, becoming nearly glabrous when old. Leaves ovate, entire, 1 1/2'-2' long, strongly reticulate-veined and nearly glabrous when mature; flowers solitary at the ends of the stem or branches, purple, nodding, nearly 1' long; achenes distinctly oblique; persistent styles plumose throughout, the plumes white, turning brown, 1'-1 1/2' long.

Rocky soil, mountains of Virginia and West Virginia to South Carolina. May-June.

9. Viorna Fremóntii (S. Wats.) Heller. Fremont's Leather-Flower

Fig. 1952

Clematis Fremontii S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 339

1875.. Clematis ochroleuca var. Fremontii J. F. James, Journ.

Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 120. 1883. V. Fremontii Heller, Muhlenbergia 6: 96. 1910.

Stout, erect, 6'-15' high, the stem villous-pubes-cent,-especially at the nodes, woody at the base, simple or branched. Leaves simple, sessile, coriaceous, conspicuously reticulated, glabrous except on the veins beneath, broadly ovate, obtuse or acutish, entire or sparingly toothed; flowers terminal, nodding; calyx purple, I* long; sepals thick, tomentose on the margins, their tips recurved; head of fruit 1' in diameter or more, erect; persistent styles about V long, silky below, naked above.

Prairies and limestone hills, Kansas, Nebraska, and Missouri. April-May.