Densities Of Some Household Materials

Substance

Temperature in degrees centigrade

Density in grams to the cubic centimeter

Air, dry................................

20 (68° F.)

0.001205

Air (of 50 per cent humidity).............

20

0.001195

Brine (5 parts by weight of salt in 100 parts of

15

1.035

Brine (25 parts by weight of salt in 100 parts brine)...............................

15

1.191

Butter.................................

0.86 to 0.87

Cider vinegar...........................

1.013 to 1.015

Cream * (18 per cent butter fat)..........

20

1.01

Cream (40 per cent butter fat)............

20

0.99

Gasoline...............................

20

0.70 to 0.74

* Minimum butter-fat content for cream (definition of Bureau of Chemistry).

Substance

Temperature in degrees centigrade

Density in grams to the cubic centimeter

Ice....................................

0.92

Kerosene...............................

20

0.78 to 0.82

Lard ..............

0.92

Linseed oil ...............

20

0.92 to 0.93

Milk..................................

20

1.028 to 1.032

Olive oil...............................

20

0.91

Sea water..............................

15

1.023 to 1.025

sirup, maple *

17.5

1.32 to 1.34

Tallow.................................

0.91 to 0.97

Turpentine.............................

20

0.86 to 0.87

* The density of maple sirup varies from 1.32 with 35 per cent of water to 1.34 with 32 per cent of water.

The hydrometer to be chosen for household use will depend on the purpose for which it is intended, the degree of accuracy required, and to some extent on the personal preference of the user. The specific gravity hydrometer is recommended for most purposes.

For use in making sirups, preserves, and the like, an instrument indicating specific gravity in terms of water at 60° F., or one reading in Baume" degrees will be found convenient. The hydrometer should have a range of about 1.00 to 1.50 in specific gravity or 1 to 50 in Baume degrees, and should be so graduated that the readings can be conveniently made.