This section is from the book "The American Garden Vol. XI", by L. H. Bailey. Also available from Amazon: American Horticultural Society A to Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants.
The influence of the amount of the tuber upon yield is again discussed. The Rural New-Yorker trench system of potato culture has been made the subject of experiment, and it was found that the total yield would not pay for the cost of labor and fertilizers. It is difficult to account for this result, as others have obtained the most gratifying results from this method of culture. The system is commonly known as the trench system, as it aims to plant the tubers about eight inches deep, so that hilling is not necessary. A record is also made of the behaviors of 74 kinds of potatoes. A novel and useful experiment was a test of the keeping qualities of the sorts.
The Southern Queen sweet potato, upon light clay-loam, was planted April 27, May 4, 11, 18, 25 and June 1, for the purpose of determining influence of date of planting upon yield. "(1) The largest yield was produced from the planting of May 4th. (2) Many more unmerchantable potatoes were produced from the first three than from the last three plantings. (3) The average yield for the first three plats, or early planted, is 489 pounds; of the late planted, or last three plats, 510 pounds, or a difference of 21 pounds in favor of later planting. (4) The average yield of the plantings from April 27th to May 11th was smaller than those planted from May 18th to June 1st, and each plat contained, on an average, 37 pounds more of unmerchantable tubers than did the several late plantings".
 
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