This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
As the Verbena merits a place, and most justly, among popular florists* flowers, perhaps a few hints on its cultivation in pots may be acceptable to those who have not hitherto adopted that mode of culture. I know of no plant more useful or ornamental as a pot plant, for decorating the greenhouse during the summer season, when the proper inmates of that structure are enjoying the open air. If we take into consideration its graceful habit, the variety and brilliancy of its colors, which offer hues for every taste, and above all, the lengthened period it continues to produce its lovely blossoms, it is unrivalled and ought to be more generally grown in pots as specimens, more especially now that the numerous varieties are so much improved, both in form and color. The present season has been productive of some gems of the first class; and if the Verbena continues to be improved as it has been during these few years past, I have no doubt that the time is not far distant when it will form one of the leading features at our floral exhibitions.
I do not know if my system of propagating this favorite be new; but as it is simple, certain and expeditions, it may be as well to state how I proceed from the commencement I fill shallow pans (such as are used for placing under flower pots) to within a quarter of an inch of the top with silver sand, and pour in water sufficient just to cover the sand. I then make the cuttings in the usual way, and push them into the wet send; put the labels to them, and place them in a hot-bed frame where the heat ranges from 65° to 70°, always keeping the Band wet. The advantages to be realized by propagating the Verbena in this way are, that the cuttings never require to be shaded in the brightest sunshine, consequently the young plants are not drawn up long and lanky; the cuttings never stop growing from the time they are put in until they are ready to pot off, which is in about six or seven days, when they may be drawn out of the wet sand, with a bunch of roots, without injuring a single fibre. The best time to commence operations for growing specimen Verbenas in pots is February, or as soon as vegetation commences for the season.
It is desirable to pot a few of the best autumn-struck plants for the sake of early bloom; but they never make such handsome specimens, nor continue so long in good health, as plants raised from cuttings in spring. As soon as the cuttings are well rooted, they should be potted into 3-inch pots, and placed in a gentle heat for a few days, until they are established in the pots; then top them, and harden them by degrees; never allow them to remain long in heat after they begin to grow, or they will form long naked stems. As soon as the pots are filled with roots, shift into 6-inch ones, and from these into 11-inch pots. During the growth of the plant, all shoots must be stopped in order to cause the plants to grow bushy; and never allow them to flower until the plant is properly formed, and has as many leading shoots as are wanted. The compost in which I grow the Verbena is, equal parts of turfy loam, leaf mold, and peat, with a little silver sand added, to keep the soil open. I water twice a week with liquid manure, and occasionally syringe over head with clean water to cleanse the foliage. If the saving of the seed is no object, all flowers ought to be cut off as soon as they begin to decay.
I need scarcely add, that the grand secret in the successful culture of this, as well as of all plants, is efficient drainage; without this no plant will continue long in good health. If green-fly should attack your plants, fumigate with tobacco; for if the fly once gets a-head, the plants will never recover sufficiently to give satisfaction. Mildew is another enemy which must be looked after. As soon as it is perceived, dust the plants with a little sulphur, which will stop it from doing much mischief - Y. in Gardener s' Chronicle.
 
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