This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
J. Jay Smith: - When I had the pleasure of seeing Mr. Saxton here, he requested me to present you with some statistics of fruit, and more particularly of the Strawberry in our vicinity and in our markets. I have taken great pains to obtain both from my own knowledge and experience, as well as from others, fruit-dealers, etc. - particularly from Mr. Stacy, who has extensive transactions with fruit in all parts of the Union. The best yield of the Hovey, upon the most suitable soils, and under the most judicious cultivation, is from forty to fifty bushels to the acre. This is on our new lands, the virgin forest soil, composed of disintegrated limestone and vegetable loam, the only kind of land really well suited to the Hovey and Hudson berries, and the best also for the raspberry; thirty to thirty-five bushels of the Hovey is the average crop. The Washington or Iowa, our earliest market berry, and very valuable to us on that account more particularly, produces almost any quantity. This last berry does not require rich land, but does best on quite moderately rich soils, and well even on quite poor nobs. The profits 'of the Hovey, under the best circumstances, are from $100 to $120 per acre, clear of all expenses of paying and boarding hands, chiefly children.
The newest virgin soil is the best for all berries here.
The Willey's Seedling will produce one hundred bushels to the acre, but is only fit for our market, as it is too small to ship to distant places; in one instance one hundred and thirty-five bushels of the Willey were gathered on the first picking. Immense quantities of berries are consumed here, shipped to other distant markets around, and put up in cans for Winter use. The price ranges from ten to twenty-five cents per quart, according to size and qualify - sue chiefly. There is a rapidly increasing commerce in the exchange of fruits at a distance, according to the season, of course, of each locality. Mr. Stacy could have shipped two thousand more bushels this season if our continued early drenching rains, and a sudden dryness afterwards had not too much dwarfed their size. The instructions of our Horticultural Society as to proper and successful culture have of late rather diminished the outside demand for the berry, as people at a distance are beginning to raise them largely for their own markets. As to the raspberry, now becoming as important a fruit here as the strawberry, the Black. Caps produce, average crop, thirty to thirty-five bushels per acre; average price for the last five years $3 50 per bushel.
The "Red Cane," or "Cincinnati Red Antwerp," or most probably the " American Red," of Downing, produces about twenty-five bushels per acre, average crop, and average price $4 50 per bushel. The Red variety holds out in bearing the longest. Our fruit dealers consider at present the Washington or Iowa, Hovey and Hudson still to be recommended for market culture. There is still a great difference in success as to kinds at twenty-five miles distance, on account of difference of soil, etc. Some of our cultivators are, however, going to give Wilson's Albany a fair trial, as it seems to promise much. McAvoy's Extra Red is also highly praised as a market fruit by many. It is, however, acid; but all berries, at any rate, require much study and experience on all points, for extensive market objects, before they can be safely decided upon. The Allen raspberry is one of which a good deal may be expected, as exhibited with us; for its large size, bright red color, firmness for carriage, uniformity of yielding qualities and complete hardiness.
The Kirtland, also; but it is not large, and its color is more dull, but it is quite hardy.
Our grape crop will be immense, if mildew and rot do not commit the ravages they have done several years past; and it is getting late, and therefore things look quite favorable at present. Our peach crop will be about half a crop; many are injured greatly, as well as all our fruits more or less this year, by that increasing pest - the corculio. Our apple crop is very slim, but pears much better. Yours, etc, E. J. Hooper, Sec. Cm. Hoii. Society
Cincinnati, July 1st, 1859.
Dear Sir: - I have, for two weeks, been trying to make up my mind to send you an account of our Peabody strawberries for the Horticulturist, but I am afraid that communications upon this subject are pouring in upon you so thickly now that you will hardly care to look at one from a new pen.
Well, I certainly am not one of those who pronounce against this splendid berry. I have given it a fair trial and, so far, it has far exceeded my highest expectations in all the essentials of a fine fruit - productiveness, flavor and size - and intend to confine myself hereafter principally to the cultivation of it alone. I have Wilson's and Hovey's seedlings, Boston Pine, and Longworth's Prolific, but none would compare with the Peabody. Last Spring, a year, I sent to Mr. Peabody for fifty plants. It was very late in the season and only thirty out of the package lived. From these I have now about one hundred and sixty plants in full bearing, and at least two thousand runners, which will bear next season.
I planted them in a rich, deep soil, which had been trenched and prepared for a grape-border, thinking I would remove them in the Fall, but they made such astonishing growth that I have left about half of the original thirty in that bed, and I am sure it would delight you to see them now. I have kept them from making runners and stimulated them by applications of liquid manures, soap-suds, etc, until their trunks are as large at good sized radishes, and the leaves could not be covered with a bushel measure without pressing. I have seen some of the finest plants in Maryland, Delaware and Pennsylvania, but none were equal to these.
When I first saw the representation of this plant, in the Patent Office report, I thought the idea of such leaves and fruit was preposterous; but the leaves on my plants are fully as large, and the fruit has reached to the second size there represented and I have strong hopes of reaching the first; if not this year certainly the next.
Several of the strawberry venders in our market, to whom I shewed a box of them, begged me to let them have them if we had any for sale, for they "could get any price for them," as two of them remarked. Such is the Peabody, as I have proved it; and that, too, the first year, when the experience of many say it is far better the second and third year.
Now, Mr. Editor, why is it that those who supply our markets do not raise such fruit for sale? It takes no more ground, is far easier to cultivate and pick, measures more when picked, and brings three times the price. I am a novice in the cultivation of fruit, know almost nothing about it, and yet here is the result of my first experiment with strawberries: - Our bed, this year, was about thirty-eight feet long by five feet wide, from which we have gathered between thirty and forty quarts of fine large berries; beside this there were quite that many small ones left to rot, for want of some one to pick and eat them.
I must not forget to mention one thing about the Peabody strawberry. I am inclined to think it will not bear transportation. Last week I carried a small basket of them to Wilmington, Delaware, and, although I had them with me in the express train, by the time we arrived they had ripened and wilted considerably. If it had not been for this, I should have sent you some, and may do so yet, by pulling them a little before they are fully ripe.
Baltimore, June 17th, 1859. Very truly yours, Chas. REESE.
[This is a famous success indeed, differing materially from our own and that of our neighbors. - Ed. H].
 
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