This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
Place a few more roses into a warm house; some plants of Asters, Japonicas, and Spirea palmata. Some Lilies of the Valley should be placed in a warm place under the stage. Bright light is not necessary for the plant when started, but it requires abundance of water. A few plants of Deutzia gracilis are also useful for early white flowers. A few Rhododendrons and Kalmias, if well furnished with flower buds, are very gay in the early part of the year, and prevent cutting more valuable plants.
Violets must be protected from frost; and, for flowering at their season, it is necessary to have a few plants in a warm house. These plants dislike much fire heat; especially if a dry heat, they soon get covered with red spiders, and become exhausted, so that the main stock should be wintered in frames protected from frost, with a few plants in the greenhouse to gather from in very cold, stormy weather, when it is not convenient to open frames. The Marie Louise variety has flowered freely with us out of doors this season from the middle of September, and is covered with flowers at the end of October; but the first sharp frost will take all the perfume out of the flower, and, probably, pinch the foliage. The Czar and King varieties are much hardier than the above sort, and will usually flower well after remaining out all the winter. As soon as frost is gone, for this reason, it would be desirable to plant these extensively in public parks and cemeteries.
Cinerarias and Calceolarias must be kept cool, and not allowed to become dry, or the plants will soon be covered with insects. The plants will also become weak and spindling. A gentle fumigating with tobacco each week should be given as a preventive.
Pelargoniums will be now growing freely, and will require shifting into the pots in which they are intended to flower. A good loam, with about one-third decayed manure, is a good mixture for these plants. These plants require abundance of air at every favorable time, or they become lankey and unsightly; and if not allowed plenty of room, loose the bottom leaves and are only fit to stand among other tall plants, instead of being dwarf and well-furnished specimens, fit to stand alone on their merits. We mention this from seeing so many poorly-grown plants of this class in this country. We are aware one cause of the plants being tall and badly furnished at the bottom is caused by the strong fire heat required during the winter months to keep out the severe frosts, combined with a strong sun heat, with frequently such cutting winds that the house cannot be opened sufficient without the plants being frozen; but by turning off the heat early in the morning, and not turning it on until absolutely necessary, and then only enough to keep the house at 40°, the mischief may be prevented to a great extent. But where a number of plants are obliged to be kept in same house, many of them requiring a higher temperature, the only way is to keep the Pelargoniums at the coolest part of the house.
The fancy varieties will grow in more heat than the tall-growing varieties, and not suffer. In fact, cuttings of these, rooted in January and grown in a warm house, will make very handsome bushes in six and seveninch pots, to flower in May. A few short stakes placed round the plants, and the shoots tied well down, will cause them to throw a number of shoots from the center Plant, and they will make fine dwarf bushes.
Scarlet and Zonule Geraniums must be looked over occasionally, and dead leaves removed. Any varieties of which the stock is short can be propagated at this time if more are required. It is best to grow a few good kinds, which grow and flower well, in preference to a large number, many of which are sure to prove unsatisfactory. With the new sorts, this can only be proved by a trial; but the best florists now plant out a number of plants each year, including all the best novelties, so that buyers can see each variety growing, and judge for themselves. Of course, the first year there is nothing but the raiser's recommendation. An allowance must be made for each raiser thinking their own darling the most perfect.
 
Continue to: