(Chloralamide.)

Definition. - A crystalline solid [CCl3.CH(OH)NH.COH] made by the direct union of formaraide and anhydrous chloral.

Description and Properties. - Chloralamide occurs as colorless, shining, odorless crystals, having a faintly bitter taste. It is soluble in 18.7 parts of water and in 1.3 parts of alcohol. Readily soluble in glycerin, ether, acetone, and acetic ether.

Dose. - 10-30 grains (0.65-2.0 Gm.).

Physiological Action. - Chloral formamide is not so irritating to mucous membranes as chloral. Upon the digestive system it does not differ essentially from chloral. Its influence upon the circulation is very feeble, producing no perceptible effect upon the pulse in medicinal doses. Its effect upon the cerebral cortex is as pronounced as that of chloral, but in medicinal doses it has no apparent influence upon the spinal cord. Moderate doses seem to stimulate the respiratory mechanism. The temperature is uninfluenced by medicinal doses.

Therapeutics. - It is not employed externally and locally. Its therapeutic uses are similar to those of chloral. As a hypnotic it is said by some observers to be superior when there is cardiac or respiratory weakness. Robinson1 has not found it free from cardiac depressing qualities. On the other hand, Hagemann and Hurler recommend it for the relief of cardiac asthma. It is much pleasanter to take than chloral. In the insomnia of neurasthenia it is especially valuable, and, in conjunction with potassium bromide, is preferable to a like combination with chloral in cases of seasickness.

Administration. - It is best given in aromatic elixir or some other dilute alcoholic vehicle. Simple syrup slightly acidulated with hydrochloric acid, beer, and sweet wine are also recommended as pleasant menstrua. When given at night for insomnia the medicine should be taken upon an empty stomach, about one hour before sleeping-time.