1. Quinine. - C20H24N2O2+3H.2O=377.22. An Alkaloid obtained from the bark of various species of Cinchona (nat. ord. Rubiaceae).

Source

By adding to a solution of the Sulphate a sufficient quantity of Ammonia Water to precipitate the Alkaloid.

Characters

A white, flaky, amorphous or crystalline powder, odorless, and having a very bitter taste; permanent in the air.

Solubility

In 1670 parts of water, and in 6 parts of Alcohol; in 23 parts of Ether, 5 parts of Chloroform and 200 parts of Glycerin; also soluble in Carbon Disulphide, Benzin, Benzol, Ammonia Water, and diluted acids.

Impurities

Other alkaloids, cinchonine, cinchonidine, quinidine and cupreine. Lime, chalk, magnesia, starch and other white powders. Salicin, detected by its giving a blood-red color with sulphuric acid.

Quinine is used to prepare Ferri et Quininae Citras and Ferri et Quininae Citras Solubilis.

Dose, 1 to 20 gr.; .06 to 1.20. gm.

2. Quininae Sulphas. - Quinine Sulphate. (C20H24N2O2)2H2 So4+7H2O=870.22.

Source

By boiling Cinchona in water acidulated with Hydrochloric Acid and straining. Add Lime to the decoction, and wash the precipitate. Digest in boiling Alcohol, and distil off the Alcohol. Dissolve the residue in Distilled Water and Sulphuric Acid, boil with Animal Charcoal, filter and set aside to crystallize.

Characters

White, silky, light and fine, needle-shaped crystals, fragile and somewhat flexible, making a very light and easily compressible mass, lustreless from superficial efflorescence after being for some time exposed to the air, odorless, and having a persistent, very bitter taste. The salt is liable to lose water on exposure to warm air, to absorb moisture in damp air, and to become colored by exposure to light.

Solubility

In 740 parts of water,

3° and in 65 parts of Alcohol; also in 40 parts of Glycerin, in about 680 parts of Chloroform, and freely in dilute acids.

Incompatibles. - Alkalies and their carbonates, and astringent infusions.

Quinine Sulphate is used to prepare Syrupus Ferri, Quininae et Strych-ninae Phosphatum.

Dose, 1 to 5 gr.; .06 to .30 gm., or 5 to 20 gr.; .30 to 1.20 gm. (antipyretic and antiperiodic).

3. Quininae Bisulphas. - Quinine Bisulphate. - C20H24N2O2 H2So4+7H2O=546.88.

Source

By suspending Quinine Sulphate in water, adding Sulphuric Acid, filtering and crystallizing.

Characters

Colorless, transparent or whitish, orthorhombic crystals, or small needles, odorless, and having a very bitter taste. Efflorescing on exposure to air.

Solubility

In 10 parts of water, and in 312 parts of Alcohol.

Dose, 1 to 20 gr.; .06 to 1.20 gm.

4. Quininae Hydrobromas. - Quinine Hydrobromate. C20 H24N2O2HBr+H2O=422.06.

Source

By suspending Quinine Sulphate in Water, adding Barium Bromide in solution, filtering, evaporating, and crystallizing.

Characters

White, light, silky needles, odorless, and having a very bitter taste. The salt is liable to lose water on exposure to warm or dry air.

Solubility

In 54 parts of water, and in 0.6 part of Alcohol; also soluble in 6 parts of Ether, and in 12 parts of Chloroform.

Dose, 1 to 20 gr.; .06 to 1.20 gm.

5. Quininae Hydrochloras. - Quinine Hydrochlorate. C20

H24N2O2Hc1+2H2O=395.63.

Source

By treating the Alkaloid with diluted Hydrochloric Acid, and crystallization.

Characters

White, silky, light and fine, needle-shaped crystals, odorless, and having a very bitter taste. The salt is liable to lose water when exposed to warm air.

Solubility

In 34 parts of water, and in 3 parts of Alcohol; also soluble in 9 parts of Chloroform.

Dose, 1 to 20 gr.; .06 to 1.20 gm.

6. Quininae Valerianas. See Valeriana.

7. Quinidinae Sulphas. - Quinidine Sulphate. (C20H24N2O2)2 H2So4+2H2O=780. 42. The neutral sulphate of an alkaloid obtained from the bark of several species of Cinchona (nat. ord. Rubiaceae).

Source

From the mother liquors after the crystallization of Quinine, by the same process as for Quinine.

Characters

White, silky needles, odorless, and having a very bitter taste; permanent in the air.

Solubility

In 100 parts of water, and in 8 parts of Alcohol; also in 14 parts of Chloroform, and in acidulated water; almost insoluble in Ether.

Dose, 1 to 20 gr.; .06 to 1.20 gm.

8. Cinchonina. - Cinchonine. C19H22N2O=293.41.

Source

By precipitation of the aqueous solution of the Sulphate by Ammonia Water.

Characters

White lustrous prisms or needles, without odor, at first almost tasteless, but soon developing a bitter after-taste; permanent in the air.

Solubility

In 3760 parts of water, and in 116 parts of Alcohol; also soluble in 526 parts of Ether, and in 163 parts of Chloroform.

Dose, 1 to 30 gr.; .06 to 2.00 gm.

9. Cinchoninae Sulphas. - Cinchonine Sulphate. (C19H22N2 O)2H2So4+2 H2O=720.56.

Source

Obtained from the mother liquors after the crystallization of the Quinine, Quinidine, and Cinchonidine Sulphates by further concentration, precipitating the alkaloids by Caustic Soda, washing with Alcohol till free from other alkaloids, dissolving in Sulphuric Acid, purifying with animal charcoal, and crystallizing.

Characters

Hard, white, lustrous, prismatic crystals, without odor, and having a very bitter taste; permanent in the air.

Solubility

In 66 parts of water, and in 10 parts of Alcohol; also soluble in 78 parts of Chloroform, but almost insoluble in Ether.

Dose, 1 to 30 gr.; .06 to 2.00 gm.

10. Cinchonidinae Sulphas. - Cinchonidine Sulphate. (C19 H22N2O)2H2So4+3H2O=738.52. The neutral Sulphate of an Alkaloid obtained from the bark of various species of Cinchona.

Source

Obtained from the mother liquors after the crystallization of Quinine Sulphate by further concentration, purifying by crystallization from Alcohol, and finally from hot water.

Characters

White, silky, acicular crystals, without odor, and having a very bitter taste; slightly efflorescent on exposure to air.

Solubility

In 70 parts of water, and in 66 parts of Alcohol; also soluble in 1316 parts of Chloroform, and almost insoluble in Ether. The presence of sulphates of other Cinchona Alkaloids increase its solubility in Ether and Chloroform.

Dose, 1 to 30 gr.; .06 to 2.00 gm.