Acid, Sclerotinic

One of the active principles of ergot. Occurs as a brown powder, soluble in water. Given by mouth or hypodermically in 1/2 to 1 grain doses in epilepsy, and as a haemostatic. There are two kinds, Dragendorffs and Podwyssotski's, but they appear to be closely alike.

Acid, Sulphanilic C6H4. NH2. S02. OH. H20 - a white, crystalline substance used in chronic catarrhs. Dose: 5 to 15 grains dissolved in water by the aid of sodium bicarbonate. The sodium salt is in consequence generally used.

Acid, Taurocholic, C26H45.NSO7 - In yellowish, crystalline masses, soluble in water and alcohol. Has antiseptic properties.

Acid, Trichloracetic (CCl3COOH), occurs in deliquescent crystals. It is used as a caustic, chiefly in venereal affections.

Acid, Vanadic (V205), and sodium meta-vanadate are powerful therapeutic agents equalling arsenic in potency. The dose is gr. 1/32,or by subcutaneous injection gr. 1/150. Given in chlorosis, rheumatism, and tuberculosis, chiefly as a tonic or appetiser. Meta-vanadic acid (HV03) and its sodium salt are powerful oxidisers, and are used for application to ulcers, and internally in tuberculosis.

Acidol (betaine hydrochloride) occurs in white crystals, soluble in water. Given in gastric affections. Dose: 5 to 15 grains.

Acitrin

Phenyl- cinchonic ethyl ester, a yellow powder. Given in 8-grain doses for gout, sciatica, and nerve-pains.

Acoin (alkyloxyphenylguani-dine) is a local anaesthetic recommended in place of cocaine, the duration of the anaesthesia being proportionate to the strength of the solution; thus I in 1,000 produces anaesthesia of the cornea lasting fifteen minutes, I in 200 one hour, and 1 in 40 one day. It is soluble in water. The best solution to use is acoin I grain, sodium chloride 8 grains, and sterilised water 18 drachms.

Actol

The fancy name for lactate of silver. A white powder soluble 1 in 15 of water. Is an active bactericide, and is used chiefly in laryngeal affections (gargle or insufflation). Dose: 1/8 grain to begin.

Adamon, or borneol dibromo-dihydro cinnamate, is a white crystalline powder, soluble in ether and chloroform, but insoluble in water. Dose: 8 grains as a hypnotic.

Adepsine

Trade-name for soft paraffin.

Adonidin

The glucoside of Adonis vemalis. An amorphous, brown powder, soluble in water. Dose: 1/4 grain, and not more than 1 1/2 grain daily.

Adrenochrome

A proprietary (Berlin) sulphur compound of the suprarenal principle. Employed internally in gout and skin-affections.

Adreucaine

A combination of eucaine and adrenalin for local anaesthesia.

Aesculin

A glucoside obtained from the horse-chestnut. Soluble in water with the aid of 2-per-cent. sodium carbonate. The solution is used in conjunction with Finsen light treatment.

AEthacol, also called ajacol, guethol, and thanatol, is the mono-ethyl ester of pyrocatechin {i.e., ethyl guaiacol, C6H4.OC2H5.OH), and is an oily aromatic substance, given in doses of 4 to 8 grains as a remedy for tuberculosis. It is best administered in capsules or as pills.

AEthol is cetyl alcohol extracted from spermaceti. It is a pulverulent substance, and is used in dermatology- e.g., in combination with boric acid (1 to 1 and 1 to 5)- as a dusting-powder (borsyl).