Experiments With J. K. M
Description
This section is from the book "Food Ingestion And Energy Transformations", by Francis G. Benedict, Thorne M. Carpenter. See also: Food Combining and Digestion: Easy to Follow Techniques to Increase Stomach Power and Maximize Digestion.
Experiments With J. K. M
The third subject was a former laboratory assistant, J. K. M. Values for eight periods, i. e., from approximately 8h30m a. m. to 12h 30m p. m., are recorded. The data for the carbon-dioxide production are given in table 41; the general average for the entire series of observations, which is shown in the last fine of the table, is 183 c.c. There is no indication of a material change in the metabolism during the forenoon, although wide variations occasionally appear from period to period. The average values for each experiment, which are given in the right-hand column, show that during the period from May 24, 1912, to July 23, 1913, or one year and two months, there was no general tendency for the carbon-dioxide production either to increase or to decrease, as the values for the most part he quite close to the general average. The chief exceptions are the minimum value of 165 c.c. on June 29, 1912, and the maximum value of 210 c.c. on May 24,1912. This latter value was obtained on the first day of experimentation, when, owing to the novelty of the situation, the metabolism is usually higher than on subsequent days.
As with the other subjects, the values for the oxygen consumption are more regular than those for the carbon-dioxide production. (See table 42.) The average for the values obtained in each period, as given at the end of the table, show a striking constancy in the metabolism throughout the day, the lowest average being 221 c.c. and the highest 227 c.c. On the other hand, the actual minimum and maximum values obtained in the individual periods show a wide variation. In the average values for the experimental days a group may be observed from June 20 to July 3, 1912, with an average of 217 c.c., and on June 5 and July 18, 1913, averages of 212 c.c. and 211 c.c. respectively were obtained. Aside from these low values no tendency is shown toward an alteration of the metabolism throughout the period of experimentation and we may fairly state that the average oxygen consumption of this subject as measured during a period of one year and two months is 225 c.c.
Table 41. - Carbon Dioxide Produced At Different Times Of Day In Respiration Experiments; Subject J. K. M., In Post-Absorptive Condition And Lying On Couch
(Values per minute.) Average age, 23 years. Average body-weight (naked), 60.4 kilograms. Height, 173 cm.
Date. | Duration of experiments. | First half hour.1 | Second half hour.1 | Third half hour.1 | Fourth half hour.1 | Fifth half hour.1 | Sixth half hour.1 | Seventh half hour.1 | Eighth half hour.1 | Average. |
1912. | C.C. | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. | c.c. | C.C. | c.c. | c.c. | |
May 24 | 8h45ma.m. to 9h58ma.m. | • • ■ | 204 | 201 | 224 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2.0 |
May 28 | 10 00 a.m. to 11 45 a.m. | • | ... | ... | 192 | 187 | 202 | 184 | .. | '91 |
June 4 | 8 49 a.m. to 10 30 a.m. | ... | 193 | 194 | 200 | 192 | ... | . ■ . | ... | 195 |
June 11 | 8 48 a.m. to 11 48 a.m. | 178 | 179 | . | 182 | 172 | 194 | 18l | ||
June 13 | 8 39 a.m. to 11 25 a.m. | 183 | 178 | 177 | 185 | 172 | 185 | ... | ... | 180 |
June 18 | 8 56 a.m. to 11 41 a.m. | . | 177 | 178 | 175 | 173 | 169 | 189 | ... | 177 |
June 20 | 8 30 a.m. to 11 41 a.m. | 175 | 166 | 177 | 186 | 179 | 195 | 181 | ... | 180 |
June 26 | 8 51 a.m. to 11 32 a.m. | 178 | 172 | 165 | 181 | 162 | 174 | 169 | . , | 172 |
June 29 | 8 47 a.m. to 11 21 a.m. | 164 | 163 | 176 | 163 | 152 | 173 | 164 | . . | 165 |
July 1 | 8 59 a.m. to 11 44 a.m. | 176 | ... | 175 | 159 | 178 | 169 | . .. | 171 | |
July 3 | 9 02 a.m. to 11 49 a.m. | 169 | 167 | 170 | 181 | 196 | 159 | . . | 174 | |
July 9 | 9 07 a.m. to 12 01 p.m. | 181 | 184 | . | 174 | 185 | 197 | 184 | ||
July 12 | 8 58 a.m. to 11 45 a.m. | 174 | 164 | 176 | 182 | 176 | 179 | 170 | 174 | |
July 31 | 10 42 a.m. to 11 58 a.m. | ... | ... | 177 | 173 | 189 | 180 | |||
Sept. 20 | 8 43 a.m. to 11 29 a.m. | 175 | 175 | 197 | 198 | 178 | 190 | . | 186 | |
Sept. 21 | 8 45 a.m. to 11 36 a.m. | 177 | 185 | 176 | 174 | 179 | 174 | 184 | . . | 178 |
Oct. 29 | 9 30 a.m. to 11 55 a.m. | ■ ■ ■ | 198 | 182 | 181 | 194 | 191 | . . | 189 | |
Oct. 30 | 8 57 a.m. to 12 15 p.m. | 185 | 204 | 198 | 172 | 177 | 183 | 187 | ||
Oct. 31 | 9 04 a.m. to 12 05 p.m. | 198 | 184 | 176 | 191 | 202 | 201 | 192 | ||
Nov. 19 | 8 55 a.m. to 10 54 a.m. | 190 | 202 | 191 | 199 | 186 | > ■ ■ | ... | 194 | |
Nov. 26 | 9 53 a.m. to 10 49 a.m. | ... | 175 | 178 | 188 | ... | ... | 180 | ||
Dec. 3 | 8 50 a.m. to 11 29 a.m. | 180 | 186 | 181 | ■ • • | ... | 182 | |||
Dec. 12 | 9 35 a.m. to 11 00 a.m. | 181 | 197 | 170 | 188 | . ■ * | ... | 184 | ||
Dec. 14 | 10 16 a.m. to 10 57 a.m. | 203 | 176 | 204 | ... | 194 | ||||
Dec. 15 | 10 07 a.m. to 10 35 a.m. | ... | 182 | 181 | ... | ... | ... | 182 | ||
1913. | ||||||||||
Jan. 23 | 8 58 a.m. to 11 52 a.m. | 188 | 191 | 192 | 175 | 186 | 190 | ... | 187 | |
Mar. 14 | 8 51 a.m. to 11 27 a.m. | 176 | ... | 182 | 185 | 183 | 179 | ... | 181 | |
Apr. 29 | 9 38 a.m. to 11 47 a.m. | 180 | 174 | 171 | 182 | ... | 177 | |||
May 7 | 9 11 a.m. to 11 34 a.m. | 180 | 164 | 181 | 173 | 185 | 174 | 176 | ||
June 5 | 9 11 a.m. to 12 30 p.m. | 189 | 178 | 171 | 173 | ... | ■ . • | 200 | 182 | |
July 15 | 9 07 a.m. to 12 11 p.m. | 195 | 178 | 179 | ... | 175 | 191 | 184 | ||
July 18 | 9 12 a.m. to 12 58 p.m. | ... | ... | 185 | 180 | 172 | 181 | ... | 178 | 179 |
July 23 | 9 37 a.m. to 12 00 p.m. | 178 | 173 | 194 | 199 | 186 | ||||
Days ..................... | 5 | 23 | 25 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 21 | 7 | 233 | |
Minimum.......... | 164 | 163 | 164 | 163 | 152 | 169 | 159 | 170 | 165 | |
Maximum........... | 183 | 204 | 204 | 224 | 199 | 204 | 201 | 200 | 210 | |
Average............, | 175 | 181 | 181 | 185 | 178 | 183 | 182 | 187 | 183 | |
M. V............. | 4.8 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 9.8 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 6.3 |
1The experimental periods were usually 15 minutes in length and in all but one instance there was but one period in the half hour. 2The total number of periods in which the carbon dioxide was determined in the 33 experiments was 166.
Table 42. - Oxygen Consumed At Different Times Of Day In Respiration Experiments; Subject J. K. M., In Post-Absorptive Condition And Lying On Couch
(Values per minute).
Average age, 23 years. Average body-weight (naked), 60.4 kilograms. Height, 173 cm.
Date. | Duration of experiments. | First half hour.1 | Second half hour.1 | Third half hour.1 | Fourth half hour.1 | Fifth half hour.1 | Sixth half hour.1 | Seventh half hour.1 | Eighth half hour.1 | Average. |
1912. | c.c. | c.c. | ex. | ex. | ex. | ex. | ex. | ex. | ex. | |
Ma 24 | 8h45ma.m. to 9h58ma.m. | ... | 234 | 237 | 234 | ... | . . | 235 | ||
May 28 | 10 00 a.m. to 11 46 a.m. | • • | .... | 233 | 212 | 223 | 232 | 225 | ||
June 4 | 8 49 a.m. to 10 30 a.m. | • . | 224 | 229 | 221 | 224 | ... | 225 | ||
June 11 | 8 48 a.m. to 11 48 a.m. | , , | 238 | 230 | •..• | 225 | 227 | 233 | 231 | |
June 13 | 8 39 a.m. to 11 26 a.m. | 238 | 224 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 226 | ... | 226 | |
June 18 | 8 66 a.m. to 11 41 a.m. | 241 | 236 | 233 | 238 | 231 | 247 | 238 | ||
June 20 | 8 30 a.m. to 11 41 a.m. | 214 | 200 | 213 | 232 | 223 | 225 | 224 | 219 | |
June 26 | 8 61 a.m. to 11 32 a.m. | 222 | 215 | 217 | 219 | 216 | 207 | 223 | 217 | |
June 29 | 8 47 a.m. to 11 21 a.m. | 224 | 209 | 229 | 208 | 204 | 206 | 220 | 214 | |
July 1 | 8 69 a.m. to 11 44 a.m. | 217 | ... | 212 | 205 | 211 | 227 | 214 | ||
July 3 | 9 02 a.m. to 11 49 a.m. | 215 | 219 | 214 | 223 | 225 | 217 | 219 | ||
July 9 | 9 07 a.m. to 12 01 p.m. | 236 | 242 | 227 | 227 | 233 | 235 | 233 | ||
July 12 | 8 68 a.m. to 11 46 a.m. | 213 | 219 | 221 | 213 | 214 | 215 | 219 | 216 | |
July 31 | 10 42 a.m. to 11 58 a.m. | • • | ... | • .. | • • • | 212 | 210 | 221 | 214 | |
Sept. 20 | 8 43 a.m. to 11 29 a.m. | 220 | 234 | 242 | 250 | 235 | 233 | • • | 236 | |
Sept. 21 | 8 46 a.m. to 11 36 a.m. | 231 | 244 | 233 | 235 | 230 | 233 | 240 | ... | 235 |
Oct. 29 | 9 30 a.m. to 11 66 a.m. | ... | 236 | 223 | 227 | 231 | 236 | • • | 231 | |
Oct. 30 | 8 67 a.m. to 12 15 p.m. | 243 | 244 | ... | 222 | 222 | ... | 229 | 232 | |
Oct. 31 | 9 04 a.m. to 12 05 p.m. | 229 | 215 | 214 | 220 | 221 | 234 | ... | 222 | |
Nov. 19 | 8 55 a.m. to 10 54 a.m. | 245 | 241 | 239 | 223 | 226 | ... | 235 | ||
Nov. 26 | 9 53 a.m. to 10 49 a.m. | 220 | 224 | 228 | • • • | 224 | ||||
Dec. 3 | 8 50 a.m. to 11 29 a.m. | 220 | ... | 228 | • • > | 219 | • • • | 222 | ||
Dec. 12 | 9 35 a.m. to 11 00 a.m. | ... | 210 | 220 | 216 | 232 | ... | 220 | ||
Dec. 14 | 10 16 a.m. to 10 57 a.m. | ... | 246 | 221 | 249 | ... | 239 | |||
Dec. 16 | 10 07 a.m. to 10 35 a.m. | ... | 223 | 229 | • .. | ... | 226 | |||
1913. | ||||||||||
Jan. 23 | 8 58 a.m. to 11 52 a.m. | 232 | 231 | 227 | 220 | 229 | 239 | • • • | 230 | |
Mar. 14 | 8 51 a.m. to 11 27 a.m. | 228 | ... | 224 | 230 | 233 | 223 | • • • | 228 | |
Apr. 29 | 9 38 a.m. to 11 47 a.m. | ... | 229 | 235 | . . | 226 | 223 | • • • | 228 | |
May 7 | 9 11 a.m. to 11 34 a.m. | 234 | 226 | 225 | 225 | 215 | 222 | • • > | 225 | |
June 5 | 9 11 a.m. to 12 30 p.m. | 213 | 206 | 207 | 207 | • • * | 226 | 212 | ||
July 16 | 9 07 a.m. to 12 11 p.m. | 238 | 224 | ... | 217 | 219 | 220 | 224 | ||
July 18 | 9 12 a.m. to 12 58 p.m. | ... | 217 | 216 | 209 | 209 | • • • | 202 | 211 | |
July 23 | 9 37 a.m. to 12 00 m. | 229 | ... | 225 | 225 | 239 | 230 | |||
Days ................. | 5 | 23 | 25 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 21 | 7 | 233 | |
Minimum........... | 214 | 200 | 206 | 207 | 204 | 206 | 210 | 202 | 211 | |
Maximum............. | 238 | 245 | 244 | 246 | 250 | 249 | 247 | 239 | 239 | |
Average.............. | 226 | 227 | 227 | 225 | 221 | 224 | 227 | 222 | 225 | |
M. V................. | 7.0 | 10.7 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 6.5 |
1The experimental periods were usually 15 minutes in length and in all but one instance there was but one period in the half hour. 2The total number of periods in whcih the oxygen was determined in the 33 experiments was 166.
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