Diameter of Pipe Inches.

H = 10 L.

H= 9L.

H = 8L.

H = 7L.

H = 6 L.

H = 5L.

H = 4L.

H = 3 L.

½

19.8

18.7

17.7

16.5

15.3

14.0

12.5

10.8

5/8

34.5

32.7

30.1

28.9

26.5

24.4

21.5

18.9

¾

54.4

51.7

48.7

45.6

42.2

38.5

34.4

29.8

1

111.8

106.0

100.0

93.5

86.6

79.0

70.7

61.2

1¼

195.2

185.2

174.6

163.3

151.2

138.0

123.4

106.9

1½

308.0

292.1

275.4

257.6

238.5

217.7

194.8

168.7

2

632.2

599.7

566.4

538.9

488.1

447.0

399.8

346.3

2½

1101.0

1048.0

987.8

924.0

855.4

780.9

698.5

604.9

3

1745.0

1651.0

1560.0

1460.0

1351.0

1234.0

1103.0

955.5

4

3581.0

3397.0

3203.0

2996.0

2774.0

2532.0

2265.0

1962.0

5

6247.0

5928.0

5588.0

5227.0

4839.0

4417.0

3951.0

3406.0

6

9855.0

9349.0

8814.0

8245.0

7633.0

6968.0

6233.0

5391.0

Diameter of Pipe Inches.

H = 2 L.

H = 1¾ L.

H = 1½ L.

H = l¼ L.

H=1L.

H = ¾ L.

H = ½ L.

H = ¼ L.

½

8.8

8.3

7.7

7.0

6.3

5.4

4.4

3.1

5/8

15.4

14.4

13.4

12.2

10.9

9.5

7.7

5.5

¾

24.3

22.8

21.1

19.3

17.2

14.9

12.2

8.6

1

50.0

46.8

43.2

39.5

35.3

30.6

25.0

17.7

1¼

87.3

81.6

75.6

69.0

61.7

53.5

43.7

30.9

1½

137.7

128.8

119.3

108.9

97.4

84.3

68.7

48.7

2

282.7

264.4

248.8

223.5

199.9

173.1

141.4

100.0

2½

493.9

482.0

427.7

390.4

349.2

302.4

246.9

174.6

3

780.2

728.8

674.8

615.9

555.5

477.1

390.1

275.8

4

1602.0

1496.0

1385.0

1264.0

1133.0

979.3

800.8

566.2

5

2791.0

2613.0

2420.0

2209.0

1976.0

1711.0

1394.0

987.7

6

4407.0

4122.0

3817.0

3484.0

3116.0

2693.0

2204.0

1558.0

Capacity of Drain Pipe Under Different Amounts of Fall. Gallons per Minute.

Size of Pipe.

1-2 inch fall per 100 feet.

3 inch fall per 100 feet.

6 inch fall per 100 feet.

9 inch fall per 100 feet.

3 In.

21

30

42

52

4 "

36

52

76

92

6 "

84

120

169

206

9 "

232

330

470

570

12 "

470

680

960

1160

15 "

830

1180

1680

2040

18 "

1300

1850

2630

3200

20 "

1760

2450

3450

4180

Size of Pipe.

12 inch fall per 100 feet.

18 inch fall per 100 feet.

24 inch fall per 100 feet.

36 inch fall per 100 feet.

3 In.

60

74

85

104

4 "

108

132

148

184

6 "

240

294

338

414

9 "

660

810

930

1140

12 "

1360

1670

1920

2350

15 "

2370

2920

3340

4100

18 "

3740

4600

5270

6470

20 "

4860

5980

6850

8410

Dimensions of Wrought-Iron Pipe.

Nominal

Inside Diameter.

Actual

Outside

Diameter in Inches.

Actual

Inside

Diameter in Inches.

Thickness of Metal in Inches.

Threads per Inch.

Length of

Full

Thread in Inches.

1/8

.405

.270

.068

27

.19

¼

.540

.364

.085

18

.29

3/8

.675

.493

.091

18

.30

½

.840

.622

.109

14

.39

¾

1.050

.824

.113

14

.40

1

1.315

1.048

.134

11½

.51

1¼

1.660

1.380

.140

11½

.54

1½

1.900

1.610

.145

11½

.55

2

2.375

2.067

.154

11½

.58

2½

2.875

2.468

.204

8

.89

3

3.500

3.067

.217

8

.95

3½

4.000

3.548

.226

8

1.00

4

4.500

4.026

.237

8

1.05

4½

5.000

4.508

.246

8

1.10

5

5.563

5.045

.259

8

1.16

6

6.625

6.065

.280

8

1.26

7

7.625

7.023

.301

8

1.36

8

8.625

7.981

.322

8

1.46

9

9.625

8.937

.344

8

1.57

10

10.750

10.018

.366

8

1.68

11

11.75

11.000

.375

8

1.78

12

12.75

12.000

.375

8

1.88

13

14.

13.25

.375

8

2.09

14

15.

14.25

.375

8

2.10

15

16.

15.25

.375

8

2.20

Decimal Parts of an Inch.

1-64

.01563

11-32

.34375

43-64

.67188

1-32

.03125

23-64

.35938

11-16

.6875

3-64

.04688

3-8

.375

1-16

.0625

45-64

.70313

25-64

.39063

23-32

.71875

5-64

.07813

13-32

.40625

47-64

.73438

3-32

.09375

27-64

.42188

3-4

.75

7-64

.10938

7-16

.4375

1-8

.125

49-64

.76563

29-64

.45313

25-32

.78125

9-64

.14063

15-32

.46875

51-64

.79688

5-32

.15625

31-64

.48438

13-16

.8125

11-64

.17188

1-2

.5

3-16

.1875

53-64

.82813

33-64

.51563

27-32

.84375

13-64

.20313

17-32

.53125

55-64

.85938

7-32

.21875

35-64

.54688

7-8

.875

15-64

.23438

9-16

.5625

1-4

.25

57-64

.89063

37-64

.57813

29-32

.90625

17-64

.26563

19-32

.59375

59-64

.92188

9-32

.28125

39-64

.60938

15-16

.9375

19-64

.29688

5-8

.625

5-16

.3125

61-64

.95313

41-64

.64063

31-32

.96875

21-64

.32813

21-32

.65625

63-64

.97438

Melting Points of Alloys of Tin, Lead, and Bismuth.

Tin.

Lead.

Bismuth.

Melting Point in Degrees Fahrenheit.

Tin.

Lead.

Bismuth.

Melting Point in Degrees Fahrenheit,

2

3

5

199

4

1

372

1

1

4

201

5

1

381

3

2

5

212

2

1

385

4

1

5

246

3

1

392

1

1

286

1

1

466

2

1

334

1

3

552

3

1

367

Weight of Twelve Inches Square of Various Metals.

Thickness.

Wrought Iron.

Cast Iron.

Steel.

Gun

Metal.

Brass.

Copper.

Tin.

Zinc.

Lead.

1/16

2.50

2.34

2.56

2.75

2.69

2.87

2.37

2.25

3.68

1/8

5.00

4.69

5.12

5.50

5.38

5.75

4.75

4.50

7.37

3/16

7.50

7.03

7.68

8.25

8.07

8.62

7.12

6.75

11.05

¼

10.00

9.38

10.25

11.00

10.75

11.50

9.50

9.00

14.75

5/16

12.50

11.72

12.81

13.75

13.45

14.37

11.87

11.25

18.42

3/8

15.00

14.06

15.36

16.50

16.14

17.24

14.24

13.50

22.10

7/16

17.50

16.41

17.93

19.25

18.82

20.12

16.17

15.75

25.80

½

20.90

18.75

20.50

22.00

21.50

23.00

19.00

18.00

29.50

9/16

22.50

21.10

23.06

24.75

24.20

25.87

21.37

20.25

33.17

5/8

25.00

23.44

25.62

27.50

26.90

28.74

23.74

22.50

36.84

11/16

27.50

25.79

28.18

30.25

29.58

31.62

26.12

24.75

40.54

¾

30.00

28.12

30.72

33.00

32.28

34.48

28.48

27.00

44.20

13/16

32.50

30.48

33.28

35.75

34.95

37.37

30.87

29.25

47.92

7/8

35.00

32.82

35.86

38.50

37.64

40.24

32.34

31.50

51.60

15/16

37.50

35.16

38.43

41.25

40.32

43.12

35.61

33.75

55.36

1

40.00

37.50

41.00

44.00

43.00

46.00

38.00

36.00

59.00

Weight of Metals. To Find Weight in Pounds.

Aluminium....................

cubic

inches

X

0.094

Brass...............................

"

"

X

0.31

Copper................................

"

"

X

0.32

Cast-Iron...........................

"

"

X

0.26

Wrought-Iron...........................

"

"

X

0.28

Lead..................................

"

"

X

0.41

Mercury..............................

"

"

X

0.49

Nickel............................

"

"

X

0.31

Tin............................

"

"

X

0.26

Zinc.............................

"

"

X

0.26

Weight of Copper Pipes Per Foot.

Bore in Inches.

Thickness of Metal in Parts

of an Inch

1/16

1/8

3

¼

5/16

3/8

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

½

0.426

0.946

1.561

2.270

3.075

3.973

5/8

0.520

1.185

1.845

2.649

3.547

4.540

¾

0.615

1.324

2.129

3.027

4.020

5.108

7/8

0.709

1.514

2.412

3.425

4.493

5.676

1

0.804

1.703

2.696

3.784

4.966

6.243

1¼

0.993

2.081

3.263

4.540

5.712

7.378

1½

1.182

2.459

3.831

5.297

6.857

8.514

1¾

1.372

2.838

4.388

6.055

7.805

9.646

2

1.560

3.217

4.967

6.808

8.748

10.783

2¼

1.750

3.591

5.531

7.566

9.694

11.918

2½

1.940

3.975

6.103

8.327

10.643

13.066

2¾

2.128

4.352

6.668

9.081

11.590

14.190

3

2.316

4.729

7.238

9.737

12.534

15.325

Weight of Brass Pipes Per Foot.

Bore in Inches.

Thickness in Parts of an Inch.

1/16

1/8

3/16

¼

5/16

3/8

7/16

pounds

pounds

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

pounds.

¼

0.22

0.53

0.94

1.43

2.01

2.68

3.44

½

0.40

0.89

1.47

2.15

2.91

3.75

4.70

¾

0.58

1.25

2.01

2.86

3.80

4.83

5.95

1

0.76

1.61

2.55

3.58

4.70

5.92

7.25

1¼

0.94

1.96

3.09

4.31

5.64

6.98

9.46

1½

1.12

2.34

3.67

5.01

6.49

8.05

9.71

1¾

1.33

2.66

4.14

5.70

7.36

9.11

10.94

2

1.48

3.04

4.69

6.44

8.27

10.20

12.21

2¼

1.65

3.40

5.23

7.16

9.17

11.27

13.46

2½

1.83

3.75

5.77

7.87

10.06

12.35

14.72

2¾

2.01

4.11

6.31

8.59

10.96

13.42

15.97

3

2.19

4.47

6.84

9.31

11.85

14.69

17.42

Diameters, Circumferences, Areas, Squares, and Cubes.

Diameter in Inches.

Circumference in Inches.

Area in Square Inches.

Area in

Square

Feet.

Square, in Inches.

Cube, in Inches.

1/8

.3927

.0122

...............

.0156

.00195

¼

.7854

.0490

................

.0625

.01563

3/8

1.1781

.1104

...............

.1406

.05273

½

1.5708

1963

............

.25

.125

5/8

1.9635

.3068

............

.3906

.24414

¾

2.3562

.4417

..............

.5625

.42138

7/8

2.7489

.6013

............

.7656

.66992

1

3.1416

.7854

.............

1.

1.

1 1/8

.3.5343

.9940

.0069

1.2656

1.42383

1¼

3.9270

1.2271

.0084

1.5625

1.95313

1 3/8

4.3197

1.4848

.0102

1.8906

2.59961

1½

4.7124

1.7671

.0122

2.25

3.375

1 5/8

5.1051

2.0739

.0143

2.6406

4.291

1¾

5.4978

2.4052

.0166

3.0265

5.3593

1 7/8

5.8905

2.7611

.0191

3.5156

6.5918

2

6.2832

3.1416

.0225

4.

8.

2 1/8

6.6759

3.5465

.0245

4.5156

9.5957

2¼

7.0686

3.9760

.0275

5.0625

11.3906

2 3/8

7.4613

4.4302

.0307

5.6406

13.3965

2½

7.8540

4.9087

.0340

6.25

15.625

2 5/8

8.2467

5.4119

.0375

6.8906

18.0879

2¾

8.6394

5.9395

.0411

7.5625

20.7969

2 7/8

9.0321

6.4918

.0450

8.2656

23.7637

3

9.4248

7.0686

.0490

9.

27.

3 1/8

9.8175

7.6699

.0531

9.7656

30.5176

3¼

10.210

8.2957

.0575

10.5625

34.3281

3 3/8

10.602

8.9462

.0620

11.3906

38.4434

3½

10.995

9.6211

.0668

12.25

42.875

3 5/8

11.388

10.320

.0730

13.1406

47.634

3 ¾

11.781

11.044

.0767

14.0625

52.734

3 7/8

12.173

11.793

.0818

15.0156

58.185

4

12.566

12.566

.0879

16.

64.

Diameters, Circumferences, Areas, Squares, and Cubes..

Diameter in Inches.

Circumference in Inches.

Area in Square Inches.

Area in

Square

Feet.

Square, in Inches.

Cube, in Inches.

4 1/8

12.959

13.364

.0935

17.0156

70.1895

4¼

13.351

14.186

.0993

18.0625

76.7656

4 3/8

13.744

15.033

.1052

19.1406

83.7402

4½

14.137

15.904

.1113

20.25

91.125

4 5/8

14.529

16.800

.1176

21.3906

98.9316

4¾

14.922

17.720

.1240

22.5625

107.1719

4 7/8

15.315

18.665

.1306

23.7656

115.8574

5

15.708

19.635

.1374

25.

125.

5 1/8

16.100

20.629

.1444

26.2656

134.6113

5¼

16.493

21.647

.1515

27.5625

144.7031

5 3/8

16.886

22.690

.1588

28.8906

155.2871

5½

17.278

23.758

.1663

30.25

166.375

5 5/8

17.671

24.850

.1739

31.6406

177.9785

5¾

18.064

25.967

.1817

33.0625

190.1094

5 7/8

18.457

27.108

.1897

34.5186

202.7793

6

18.849

28.274

.1979

36.

216.

6 1/8

19.242

29.464

.2062

37.5156

229.7832

6¼

19.635

30.679

.2147

39.0625

244.1406

6 3/8

20.027

31.919

.2234

40.6406

259.084

6½

20.420

33.183

.2322

42.25

274.625

6 5/8

20.813

34.471

.2412

43.8906

290.7754

6¾

21.205

35.784

.2504

45.5625

307.5469

6 7/8

21.598

37.122

.2598

47.2656

324.9512

7

21.991

38.484

.2693

49.

343.

7 1/8

22.383

39.871

.2791

50.7656

361.7051

7¼

22.776

41.282

.2889

52.5625

381.0781

7 3/8

23.169

42.718

.2990

54.3906

401.1309

7½

23.562

44.178

.3092

56.25

421.879

7 5/8

23.954

45.663

.3196

.58.1406

443.3223

7¾

24.347

47.173

.3299

60.0625

465.4844

7 7/8

24.740

48.707

.3409

62.0156

488.3730

8

25.132

50.265

.3518

64.

512.

Diameters, Circumferences, Areas, Squares, and Cubes.

Diameter in Inches.

Circumference in Inches.

Area in Square Inches.

Area in

Square

Feet.

Square, in Inches.

Cube, in Inches.

8 1/8

25.515

51.848

.3629

66.0156

536.3770

8¼

25.918

53.456

.3741

68,0625

561.5156

8 3/8

26.310

55.088

.3856

70.1406

587.4277

8½

26.703

56.745

.3972

72.25

614.125

8 5/8

27.096

58.426

.4089

74.3906

641.6191

8¾

27.489

60.132

.4209

76.5625

669.9219

8 7/8

27.881

61.862

.4330

78.7656

699.0449

9

28.274

63.617

.4453

81.

729.

9 1/8

28.667

65.396

.4577

83.2656

759.7988

9¼

29.059

67.200

.4704

85.5625

791.4531

9 3/8

29.452

69.029

.4832

87.8906

823.9746

9½

29.845

70.882

.4961

90.25

857.375

9 5/8

30.237

72.759

.5093

92.6406

891.666

9¾

30.630

74.662

.5226

95.0625

926.8594

9 7/8

31.023

76.588

.5361

97.5156

962.0968

10

31.416

78.540

.5497

100.

1000.

10 1/8

31.808

80.515

.5636

102.5156

1037.9707

10¼

32.201

82.516

.5776

105.0625

1076.8906

10 3/8

32.594

84.540

.5917

107.6406

1116.7715

10½

32.986

86.590

.6061

110.25

1157.625

10 5/8

33.379

88.664

.6206

112.8906

1199.4629

10¾

33.772

90.762

.6353

115.5625

1242.2969

10 7/8

34.164

92.885

.6499

118.2656

1286.1387

11

34.557

95.033

.6652

121.

1331.

11 1/8

34.950

97.205

.6804

123.7656

1376.8926

11 1/4

35.343

99.402

.6958

126.5625

1423.8281

11 3/8

35.735

101.623

.7143

129.3906

1471.8184

11½

36.128

103.869

.7270

132.25

1520.875

11 5/8

36.521

106.139

.7429

135.1406

1571.0098

11¾

36.913

108.434

.7590

138.0625

1622.234

11 7/8

37.306

110.753

.7752

141.0155

1674.5605

12

37.699

113.097

.7916

144.

1728.

Weight and Thickness of Sheet Lead.

Weight in Lbs. per Sup. Foot.

Thickness in Inches.

Weight in Lbs. per Sup. Foot.

Thickness in Inches.

1

0.017

7

0.118

2

0.034

8

0.135

3

. 0.051

9

0.152

4

0.068

10

0.169

5

0.085

11

0.186

6

0.101

12

0.203