Rough Wood - Ash. - 20 in. x 3 in. x 1 1/4 in.

Tools

Jack Plane, Smoothing Plane, Tenon-Saw, Bow-Saw, Spokeshave, Draw-Knife, Rasps, File, And Sandpaper

(l). Plane up the wood on one side and edge, and to thickness, not to width.

(2). Set out length, and saw off with tenon-saw, allowing about 1/8-in. for paring off afterwards.

(3). Now draw the shape on the face side of the wood.

(4). Cut out the shape, the curved parts with the bow-saw, and the straight parts with the hand-saw.

(5). Now level down to marking lines, the straight end part of the handle with the smoothing-plane, and the curved part with the spokeshave. (That is, level down to marking lines simply at right angles to the sides ; don't attempt to round).

(6). Now draw the elliptical shapes of the ends as shown in diagram, and chamfer the edges of the handle almost down to these marks with draw-knife and plane.

(7). Then commence rounding, working the straight end with the smoothing plane, and the curved part of the handle with the spokeshave, finishing with rasp, file, and sandpaper.

(8). Now pare the ends flat, and at proper angles to the rest of handle, and finish generally.

No. 25. Axe Handle. (Scale, 6' = 1'.)

George Philip & Son. London & Liverpool