Words are divided according to their uses into eight classes called parts of speech.

Noun

A noun is a word used as a name of a person, place, or thing.

Pronoun

A pro-noun 1 is a word which stands for a noun.

1 Your teacher will explain how the etymology reveals the meaning of these words.

Adjective

An ad-jective is a word used to describe or limit a noun or pronoun - a description added to a noun or pronoun.

Verb

A verb is a word used to assert something of a person, place, or thing.

Adverb

An ad-verb is a word used to modify the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

Preposition

A pre-position is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show the relation between it and some other word or words in the sentence.

Conjunction

A con-junction is a word used to join sen-tences or parts of sentences.

Interjection

An inter-jection is a word used to express surprise, anger, pleasure, or some other feeling or emotion. It is thrown into the midst of other words, but has little connection with them.

Exercises

192. Make separate lists of the following: the nouns and adjectives in the first selection in Exercise 430; the verbs in the selection on pages 292-293; the adverbs and conjunctions in the selection on pages 243-244; the words on pages 1, 2, and 3 that end in -ing, stating what part of speech each word is (see sects. 87 and 88).

193. Classify, by arranging in columns, the italicized words in the following selection :

The Training Of Firemen

Firemen are athletes as a matter of course. They have to be, or they could not hold their places for a week, even if they could get into them at all. The mere handling of the scaling ladders, which, light though they seem, weigh from sixteen to forty pounds, requires unusual strength. No particular skill is needed. A man need only have steady nerve, and the strength to raise the long pole by its narrow end, and jam the iron hook through a window which he cannot see but knows is there. Once through, the teeth in the hook and the man's weight upon the ladder hold it safe, and there is no real danger unless he loses his head. Against that possibility the severe drill in the school of instruction is the barrier. Any one to whom climbing at dizzy heights, or doing the hundred and one things of peril to ordinary men which firemen are constantly called upon to do, causes the least discomfort, is rejected as unfit. About five per cent of all appointees are eliminated by the ladder test, and never get beyond their probation service. A certain smaller percentage takes itself out through loss of "nerve" generally. The first experience of a room full of smothering smoke, with the fire roaring overhead, is generally sufficient to convince the timid that the service is not for him. No cowards are dismissed from the department,/or the reason that none get into it.

- Jacob A. RIIs, "Heroes Who Fight Fire."

194. In the paragraph in Exercise 601, page 316, arrange the •following words in columns, according to their use as parts of speech :

Zealous, assistant, pertained, training, her (1. 2), all (1. 3), that (1.3), directly, having, indeed, administer, correction, two, through, infancy, she (1. 7), affection (1. 8), between, her (1. 8), marked, that (1. 9), own (1. 9), may, been, anything, tender, with (1. II), others, for (1. 12), unquestionable, their (1. 14), from (1. 14), again, separation, same, as (1.15), childhood, smiling, at, shielding, yet, up, accountability, always, good, as (1. 20), but, honored, universally (1. 22), cared, for (1. 22).