I. William

William, an English clergyman, born Jan. 18, 1744, died in London, Nov. 17, 1820. In 1771 he became minister of the English church at Cronstadt, and in 1774 chaplain to the factory of the Russian company at St. Petersburg, where he remained till 1792. His most important works are: " Russia, or a Complete Historical Account of all the Nations which compose the Russian Empire " (4 vols. 8vo, 1780-'83; French translation, Paris, 1801); "Life of Catharine II., Empress of Russia," an enlarged translation from the French (3 vols., 1797-1800; new ed., 1810); " A View of the Russian Empire during the Reign of Catharine II. and to the Close of the Eighteenth Century" (3 vols., 1799); and " History of Russia, A. D. 862-1762 " (2 vols., 1800-6).

II. Thomas

Thomas, an English political economist, son of the preceding, born in St. Petersburg in 1774, died in London, Feb. 20, 1858. In 1838 he published "A History of Prices and of the State of the Circulation from 1793 to 1837, preceded by a brief Sketch of the State of the Corn Trade in the last two Centuries" (2 vols. 8vo). Four additional volumes bring the work down to 1856.