Raoul-Rochette

See Rochette.

Raphael Kuhner

Raphael Kuhner, a German philologist, born in Gotha, March 22,1802. He studied in Got-tingen, and became in 1824 teacher of Latin and Greek at the lyceum of Hanover. His Greek and Latin grammars and translations have become text books in German, English, American, and Scandinavian schools. The principal of them are: Ausfuhrliche Grammatik der griechisclien Sprache (2 vols., Hanover, 1834-'5; latest ed., 1869-'71); Kurzgefasste Schulgrammatik (1836; 25th ed., 1869); Ele-mentargrammatik (1837; 29th ed., 1868); and similar works relating to Latin.

Raphael Pumpelly

Raphael Pumpelly, an American metallurgist, born at Owego, N. Y., Sept. 8, 1837. He studied for several years in Hanover, Paris, and Freiberg in Saxony, returning home in 1860. He afterward engaged in mining and smelting operations in Arizona and other territories, and was employed by the Japanese government to explore the mineral resources of the island of Yezo, and by the Chinese government to survey the coal fields of northern China. In 1866 he was appointed professor of mining engineering in Harvard univer-sity, in 1870-'7l had charge of the state geological survey of the copper district of Michigan, and in 1871 was appointed state geologist of Missouri, which post he resigned in 1873. He has published "Across America and Asia" (New York, 1870); "Geological Survey of Missouri, Preliminary Report," with an atlas and plates (1873); "Geological Survey of Michigan," vol. i., part 2, "Copper District," with atlas (1873); and various monographs in scientific journals.

Rapidan

Rapidan, a river of Virginia, rising in the Blue Ridge mountains. It flows first S. and then E., forming the boundary between Greene and Orange counties on the right and Madison and Culpeper counties on the left, and empties into the Rappahannock about 10 m. above Fredericksburg. Its length is about 80 m.

Rapides

Rapides, a W. parish of Louisiana, bounded N. E. by Little river, and intersected by the Red and Calcasieu rivers; area, about 2,000 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 18,015, of whom 10,267 were colored, since which a portion has been taken to form Vernon parish. The surface is nearly level and the soil generally fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 261,579 bushels of Indian corn, 54,276 of sweet potatoes, 9,133 bales of cotton, 8,868 lbs. of wool, 3,324 hhds. of sugar, and 212,860 galls. of molasses. There were 2,225 horses, 1,976 mules and asses, 3,748 milch cows, 1,218 working oxen, 9,259 other cattle, 3,848 sheep, and 14,724 swine; 18 establishments for the manufacture of sugar, and 1 saw mill. Capital, Alexandria.

Rapoport

See Rappaport.

Rappaport, Or Rapoport, Solomon Judah

Rappaport, Or Rapoport, Solomon Judah, a Jewish antiquary, born in Lemberg in June, 1790, died in Prague, Oct. 16, 1867. He published critico-biographical and other essays in the Hebrew periodicals Bikkurei ha'ittim (Vienna, 1820-'31) and Kerem 'hemed (Vienna and Prague, 1833-45), which raised him to the highest rank among the Hebrew scholars of the age. The most important of his numerous writings, including the posthumous Na'halath Yehudah (Cracow, 1869), is the first volume of a Talmudo-rabbinical cyclopaedia entitled 'Erekh millin (Prague, 1852). He was elected rabbi of Tarnopol in 1837, and of Prague in 1840, and held the latter position till his death.