Ferdinand Gregorovius, a German author, born at Neidenburg, Prussia, Jan. 19,1821. He entered the university of Konigsberg in 1838, studied theology and philosophy, and afterward devoted himself to poetry and history. His first important work was Goethe's Wilhelm Meister in seinen socialistischen Elementen (Konigsberg, 1849), in which he showed a profound knowledge of the work of the great poet, and presented many striking views of modern life. He published in 1848 a small work on Poland, in 1849 Polen- und Magyarenlieder, and in 1851 the tragedy Der Tod des Tiberius and Geschichte des romischen Kaisers Hadrian und seiner Zeit. In 1852 he travelled through Italy, and the results of his studies and observations were published in Corsica (2 vols., Stuttgart, 1854), Figuren, Geschichte, Leben und Scenerie aus Italien (4th ed., Leipsic, 1874), Lateinische Sommer (1863), and Siciliana (3d ed., 1874). The last three have been published under the title Wanderjahre in Italien, including Von Ravenna bis Mentana (4 vols., 1874). He also published Lieder des Giovanni Meli von Palermo (1856), Die Grabmaler der romischen Papste (1857), and a long poem, Euphorion (1858; illustrated ed., 1872). His most important works are Geschichte der Stadt Rom im Mittel-alter(8 vols., Stuttgart, 1859-'72; 3d ed., 1874; Italian translation, Venice, 1874 et seq.), and Geschichte der Lucrezia Borgia (2 vols., 1874).