Guignes ,.I. Joseph de, a French orientalist, born in Pontoise, Oct. 19, 1721, died in Paris in March, 1800. When only 20 years old he was an extraordinary sinologue. In 1752 the royal society of London elected him a member, and in 1754 the French academy of inscriptions did the same. His principal work was Histoire generale des Huns, des Turcs, des Mo-gols et des autres Tartares occidentaux, avant et depuis J. C. jusqu a present(5 vols. 4to, 1756-'8). He was appointed in 1757 professor of Syriac in the college de France, and in 1769 keeper of the antiquities in the Louvre. He wrote several essays and papers, among which was a curious memoire in which he contends that the Chinese are but an Egyptian colony. II. Chretien Louis Joseph, son of the preceding, born in Paris, Aug. 25, 1759, died March 9, 1845. For 17 years he was French resident and consul at Canton. He published, besides several other papers, Voyages a Peking, Manille et l Ile de France (3 vols. 4to, 1808), and edited under his own name in 1813 a Diction-naire chinois, francais et latin, which was really only the Han-tse-sy-y of Basilius de Glemona revised and enlarged.