KINGSTON I006 KITCHENER

KINGSTON

I006

KITCHENER

Kingston holds a high place. Its educational advantages are excellent. Queens University and Kingston School of Mining are institutions of first importance. The university prospered greatly under the presidency of the Reverend George M. Grant, and that prosperity continues under the guidance of President Gordon, D. D. Queens has given many prominent men to Canada.

Kingston, the commercial and political capital of the island of Jamaica, stands on the northern side of one of the best harbors in the world. It was founded in 1693-1703 after the town of Port Royal, six miles distant, had been destroyed by an earthquake. Kingston suffered from a severe earthquake Jan. 14, 1907, which destroyed 1,100 lives, 6,000 buildings and caused a property loss of $25,000,000. Population about 50,000.

Kingston, N. Y., county-seat of Ulster County, stands on the right bank of the Hudson 54 miles south of Albany and 88 north of New York. It is a railroad and canal terminus, and is the center of an extensive transit trade by steamer. Beside being the terminus of the Ontario and Western, Ulster and Delaware and Wallkill Valley railroads, Kingston may be reached by the West Shore or by the N. Y. C and H. R. railroad. Enormous quantities of bluestone "flag" are forwarded from Kingston, which also is the center of the hydraulic cement business, and contains breweries, foundries, brickyards, cigar-factories, shirt-factories and other manufactories. Population 25,908.

Kio'to or Kyoto is a city of Japan on the island of Hondo or Honshu. It is an inland city, and owes its present importance chiefly to the large number of religious shrines it contains, to the many forms of art that are produced there in the highest excellence and to the Imperial "University. In 1903 its population was 380 568, and it is increasing in size. From 794 to 1868 it was the capital of Japan, losing this distinction with the fall of the shogunate and the rise of new Japan. Kip'ling, Rudyard, an author of wide celebrity, was born at Bombay, India, in 1865, his father being in the English civil service. He was educated in England and, returning to India, became assistant-editor of the Lahore Gazette, and later filled a like post on the Allahabad Pioneer, to both of which he contributed many of his interesting sketches of Anglo-Indian life. His Plain Tales from

RUDYARD KIPLING

the Hills (1888), followed by Soldiers Three, The Seven Seas, Barrack-Room Ballads, The Light that Failed, Departmental Ditties, Captains Courageous, Phantom Rickshaw, Under the Deodars and In Black and White, made him known as a writer of masterly short stories and brilliant verse. He married an American, Miss Balestier, of Brattleboro, Vt., where he lived for a time. He has since traveled extensively in China and Japan, in South Africa and in Australasia, and on his return from the scenes of the Boer war he resumed his residence in England, at Rot-tingdean, near Brighton. His writings grow apace, and are received with increasing favor by those who recognize his versatile genius. Especially is he admired throughout the British empire by those who value his militant patriotism, and see in him the uncrowned laureate of the empire. In his Recessional and McAndrew's Hymn Kipling touched a deeper note than in his novels, as also in some of his other poems and more thoughtful verse. Among his recent notable works are The Day's Work, Kim, The Jungle Books, Wee Willie Winkie and Puck of Pook's Hill.

Kirchhoff (kïrk'hôf), Qustav Robert, a distinguished German mathematical physicist, was b®rn at Königsberg, Prussia, in 1824. He began teaching at Berlin in 1848, but in 1850 was called to Breslau to an extraordinary professorship. In 1854 he accepted the professorship of physics at the University of Heidelberg, where, in 1859, in conjunction with Bunsen (q. v.) he published his epoch-making paper on spectrum analysis. Besides this, his most important work, perhaps, is his determination of resistance in absolute measure, his discovery of the laws governing the distribution of electric currents in a network of conductors and his mathematical papers on elasticity and optics. In 1870 he was called to Berlin. He died at Berlin, Oct. 17, 1887. See Life by Boltzmann.

Kirkpatrick, Sir Oeorge Airey, was born in Kingston, of Irish parentage, in 1841. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin. At one time he was president of the Canada Locomotive Works and the Dominion Rifle Association. He was first elected to the House of Commons in 1872, was re-elected several times, and was elected speaker in 1883. Later he was appointed lieutenant-governor of Ontario, and his term was extended because of his acceptable services. He died in 1889.

Kitch'ener, Lord Horatio Herbert, an English soldier, was born in 1850, educated at the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, and entered the British army (the Royal Engineers) m 18 71. Ini882he served as major of cavalry in the Egyptian army, was with the Nile expedition in 1884, and was made governor of Suakimin 1886. For service in Sudan campaigns he was made