This section is from the book "Distillation Principles And Processes", by Sydney Young. Also available from Amazon: Distillation Principles And Processes.
Mixtures of n- Butyl Alcohol, Acetone, and Water.
n-Butyl Alcohol. | Density 20o 4o | ||
Acetone. | Water. | ||
9.93 | 90.07 | • • • | 0.98532 |
9.44 | 85.63 | 4.93 | 0.97903 |
8.92 | 80.95 | 10.13 | 0.97087 |
19.31 | 80.69 | • • • | 0.97307 |
18.33 | 76.61 | 5.06 | 0.96668 |
17.36 | 72.54 | 1010 | 0.95837 |
16.38 | 68.44 | 15.18 | 0.94947 |
15.40 | 64.36 | 20.24 | 0.93976 |
29.62 | 70.38 | • • • | 0.95779 |
26.59 | 63.19 | 10.22 | 0.94255 |
24 01 | 57.05 | 18.94 | 0.92763 |
21.12 | 50.18 | 28.70 | 0.91155 |
37.49 | 62.51 | • • • | 0.94499 |
33.69 | 56.17 | 10.14 | 0.93079 |
29.86 | 49.80 | 20.34 | 0.91421 |
2611 | 43.53 | 30.36 | 0.89916 |
22.37 | 37.30 | 40.33 | 0.88498 |
50.03 | 49.97 | • • • | 0.92057 |
4501 | 44.95 | l0..04 | 0.90754 |
39.84 | 39.79 | 20.37 | 0.89434 |
35.06 | 35.01 | 29.93 | 0.88264 |
30.02 | 29.98 | 40.00 | 0.87080 |
28.23 | 22.20 | 49.57 | 0.86012 |
57.46 | 42.54 | • • • | 0.90469 |
51.53 | 38.15 | 10.32 | 0.89338 |
45.85 | 33.95 | 20.20 | 0.88211 |
40.06 | 29.68 | 30.26 | 0.87153 |
34.41 | 25.46 | 40.13 | 0.86157 |
22.92 | 16.95 | 60.13 | 0.84291 |
71.10 | 28.90 | • • • | 0.87219 |
63.56 | 25.83 | 10.61 | 0.86467 |
56.80 | 23.09 | 20.11 | 0.85980 |
49.89 | 20.22 | 29.89 | 0.85059 |
42.60 | 17.31 | 40.09 | 0.84366 |
35.50 | 14.43 | 50.07 | 0.83741 |
79.92 | 20.08 | • • • | 0.85020 |
63.81 | 16 02 | 20.17 | 0.84026 |
47.51 | 1219 | 40.30 | 0.83107 |
31.95 | 8.02 | 60.03 | 0.82300 |
15.97 | 4.01 | 80.02 | 0.81559 |
89.58 | 10.42 | • • • | 0.82222 |
80.55 | 9.37 | 10.08 | 0.82045 |
71.75 | 8.35 | 19.90 | 0.81880 |
62.72 | 7.30 | 29.98 | 0.81705 |
5411 | 6.30 | 39.59 | 0.81559 |
44.81 | 5.21 | 49.98 | 0.81423 |
35.85 | 417 | 59.98 | 0.81321 |
18.01 | 2.09 | 79.90 | 0.81111 |
95.10 | 4.90 | • • • | 0.80690 |
30.86 | • • • | 69.14 | 0.80360 |
50.00 | • • • | 50.00 | 0.79976 |
70.47 | • • • | 29.53 | 0.79637 |
The excess of acetic anhydride remaining was estimated in the usual way, and the n-butyl alcohol content ascertained.
In the case of mixtures of acetone, n-butyl alcohol, and water, the density of the solution, together with a determination of one of the constituents by the methods, already mentioned, gives sufficient data to calculate the composition of the mixture. For example, a mixture of acetone, n-butyl alcohol, and water was found to have a density of 0.8842 at 20°/4°. The acetone content on analysis proved to be 27.9 per cent. Now all mixtures having a density 0.8842 lie upon a curve between the heavily drawn lines marked 0.880 and 0.900 in the triangular diagram, Fig. 100. Similarly all mixtures containing 27.9 per cent acetone will lie upon a line parallel to the base of diagram. The intersection of these two lines will give on inspection the percentages of alcohol and water in the mixture. In this example there were found to be 35.6 per cent and 36.5 per cent respectively. It will prove most convenient in reading off the percentage composition of n-butyl alcohol and water to turn the triangular diagram into such a position that the substance to be read forms the apex of the triangle, this being the 100 per cent point.

Fig. 100
 
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