As the first eight amendments to the federal constitution apply to the federal government only, and are not limitations upon the powers of the states, there is no reason why the method of trial by jury recognized at common law may not be modified or superseded in any state by the amendment of the state constitution, even though such state constitution as originally adopted contained a guaranty of the right of jury trial. "Due process of law" which the states are by Amendment XIV prohibited from impairing does not necessarily involve jury trial, at least in civil cases (Maxwell v. Dow). But due process of law does necessarily involve trial in a duly constituted judicial tribunal, and whether such tribunal shall proceed in accordance with common-law methods of trial or shall be authorized to determine cases by some other recognized method, as the trial by a judge without a jury, is for the states to determine. Of course no modification of trial by jury could be made in the federal courts without an amendment to the federal constitution.