General Body Condition
Description
This section is from the book "Human Vitality And Efficiency Under Prolonged Restricted Diet", by Francis G.BENEDICT, Walter R. Miles, Paul Roth, And H. Monmouth Smith. Also available from Amazon: Human Vitality and Efficiency Under Prolonged Restricted Diet.
General Body Condition
The Du Bois measurements were made for both squads prior to and at the end of the dietetic restriction. With Squad A another series was made at the time of the minimum level. The individual data obtained for the men in Squad A are given in table 13, for the men in Squad B in table 14, and for Fre, Lon, and McM, in table 15. With Squad A the measurements were made on September 29, November 24, and February 2. Several members of Squad A were not measured on all three days. Thus Fre was measured only at the beginning of the experiment, while the first measurement for Kon was on October 27, instead of September 29, and Spe, owing to illness, was not measured on February 2. These were, however, the only exceptions.
A typical series of Du Bois measurements is given in table 16. The series of measurements selected was made with Can, as his percentage loss in weight was larger than that of any other member of the squad, both at the minimum weight and at the end of the experiment. These observations were made on September 29, 1917, and indicate the character of each measurement. In the tables the measurements are referred to by the letters A, B, F, G, H, etc., corresponding to their designation in the typical measurements of Can.
The changes in the body measurements made according to the Du Bois method, as the period of reduced diet progressed, are clearly shown for Squad A by a comparison of the data in table 13, particularly those for the circumferences. Practically every girth decreased perceptibly as the research continued. Attention must, however, be called to the fact that certain anomalous measurements appear even in the lengths, but so large a group of measurements enters into the computation of the surface area that, unless a gross error is made in some of the important lengths or circumferences, the variations will have but little influence upon the general accuracy of the value for the total area. These discrepancies are referred to, not so much to lay stress upon their actual mathematical value, which is practically slight, but to emphasize the fact that the traction of the tape and the exact duplication of location are not always the same when two observers are measuring an individual. It was our custom to have each subject measured by two persons and the readings taken were checked. The traction of the tape, however, will always be subject to variation. Furthermore, certain of the landmarks are not always easily recorded to less than a centimeter, particularly some of the greater lengths. On the whole, however, we believe that the measurements are accurate and supply reliable data for computing the body-surface of these men.
As would be expected, the largest losses are found with the maximum trunk girths, i. e., M, N, and Q, and the girth at the perineum, P.
Table 13. - Body-Turf Ace Measurements (Du Bois) For Squad A
Subject and date. | A | B | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | P | Q | W | R | S | T | U | V | Area computed from formula. | Body-weight without clothing. | Height. |
Bro. | cm. | CM, | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | CM* | CM, | CM. | CM, | CM | CM. | CM, | CM, | CM, | CM, | CM, | cm. | CM. | sq. m. | kg. | CM, |
Sept.29.. | 03.0 | 55.0 | 55.5 | 30.0 | 26.4 | 16.0 | 18.7 | 20.8 | 51.5 | 73.1 | 84.9 | 52.6 | 90.3 | 44.5 | 45.1 | 34.0 | 25.3 | 23.5 | 21.0 | 1.69 | 61.8 | 167.2 |
Nov. 24.. | 64 0 | 55.4 | 55.5 | 27.1 | 25.0 | 15.0 | 18.3 | 20.6 | 53.0 | 67.0 | 80.7 | 49.5 | 85.9 | 44.0 | 45.5 | 33.0 | 25.8 | 22.5 | 20.3 | 1.62 | 55.5 | 166.4 |
Feb. 2.. | 04.6 | 55.0 | 56.4 | 27.2 | 25.3 | 15.2 | 18.5 | 20.8 | 51.6 | 67.0 | 81.0 | 49.7 | 85.8 | 43.0 | 45.5 | 33.5 | 25.5 | 23.0 | 19.5 | 1.61 | 55.5 | 166.7 |
Cam. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 66.8 | 56.6 | 59.2 | 33.2 | 28.4 | 18.4 | 20.9 | 22.2 | 60.4 | 86.5 | 94.7 | 60.1 | 99.0 | 42.0 | 49.7 | 36.5 | 26.9 | 24.0 | 23.5 | 2.03 | 79.8 | 176.9 |
Nov. 24.. | 66.2 | 55.4 | 60.0 | 29.3 | 26.7 | 17.0 | 20.7 | 22.1 | 59.5 | 75.7 | 87.2 | 55.5 | 92.4 | 41.0 | 49.3 | 35.0 | 27.5 | 23.1 | 22.5 | 1.87 | 70 5 | 177.1 |
Feb. 2.. | 66.7 | 55.2 | 59.1 | 30.0 | 26.5 | 17.6 | 20.2 | 22.0 | 57.5 | 76.2 | 88.1 | 55.0 | 95.0 | 41.7 | 48.6 | 35.6 | 27.5 | 23.0 | 22.2 | 1.86 | 70.3 | 177.5 |
Kon. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Oct. 27.. | 60.0 | 57.3 | 59.0 | 32.0 | 28.2 | 17.2 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 56.5 | 74.0 | 90.7 | 57.5 | 93.1 | 39.0 | 46.4 | 36.8 | 25.3 | 23.5 | 21.3 | 1.83 | 69.0 | 167.2 |
Nov. 24.. | 66.1 | 58.2 | 58.5 | 29.4 | 27.4 | 16.7 | 20.5 | 20.6 | 56.2 | 70.8 | 85.7 | 53.5 | 89.0 | 39.7 | 46.0 | 34.3 | 27.0 | 23.0 | 21.3 | 1.75 | 65.0 | 167.6 |
Feb. 2.. | 68.6 | 58.1 | 57.1 | 29.9 | 27.2 | 16.5 | 19.7 | 21.0 | 55.4 | 71.0 | 84.4 | 52.2 | 88.1 | 40.6 | 461 | 33.6 | 25.3 | 23.1 | 20.4 | 1.72 | 62.2 | 167.6 |
Gar. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 20.. | 67.8 | 56.7 | 65.2 | 31.7 | 28.2 | 18.5 | 20.5 | 22.0 | 56.0 | 77.6 | 94.5 | 57.2 | 93.0 | 42.8 | 45.4 | 35.4 | 26.2 | 23.0 | 22.5 | 1.86 | 71.3 | 170.5 |
Nov. 24.. | 66.2 | 56.4 | 54.8 | 28.7 | 26.3 | 17.5 | 20.3 | 21.1 | 58.6 | 70.3 | 88.0 | 51.8 | 87.8 | 40.2 | 43.8 | 32.6 | 26.7 | 23.3 | 21.5 | 1.74 | 64.0 | 171.5 |
Feb. 2.. | 66.1 | 56.4 | 54.2 | 29.7 | 26.8 | 17.7 | 20.5 | 21.4 | 57.8 | 70.0 | 87.6 | 51.7 | 88.6 | 40.0 | 44.2 | 33.1 | 26.5 | 23.7 | 21.7 | 1.74 | 63.9 | 171.1 |
Gul. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 67.5 | 55.4 | 56.7 | 33.5 | 28.1 | 18.2 | 20.2 | 22.4 | 61.2 | 79.5 | 88.7 | 58.3 | 94.1 | 43.7 | 46.0 | 35.5 | 24.8 | 23.0 | 21.7 | 1.81 | 66.8 | 166.0 |
Nov. 24.. | 65.5 | 55.5 | 56.0 | 28.5 | 26.5 | 17.0 | 20.0 | 21.5 | 51.2 | 74.0 | 83.0 | 54.5 | 89.5 | 43.7 | 47.0 | 34.0 | 25.0 | 23.0 | 21.2 | 1.71 | 61.0 | 164.8 |
Feb. 2.. | 64.6 | 54.7 | 54.4 | 30.1 | 26.4 | 17.2 | 19.7 | 21.6 | 52.7 | 76.3 | 83.1 | 55.7 | 90.5 | 43.1 | 45.4 | 33.6 | 25.4 | 24.2 | 21.3 | 1.72 | 61.8 | 165.9 |
Mow. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 69.0 | 59.5 | 66.5 | 32.2 | 27.5 | 16.8 | 19.9 | 21.0 | 58.1 | 77.7 | 91.5 | 55.0 | 90.8 | 46.3 | 44.8 | 34.0 | 25.5 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 1.88 | 68.8 | 170.5 |
Nov. 24.. | 69.1 | 58.3 | 56.5 | 30.0 | 25.8 | 16.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 57.0 | 71.2 | 86.4 | 49.2 | 86.6 | 45.0 | 44.3 | 33.5 | 26.3 | 21.5 | 20.3 | 1.76 | 61.5 | 170.5 |
Feb. 2.. | 68.3 | 58.5 | 56.7 | 30.2 | 26.0 | 16.5 | 20.0 | 20.8 | 57.6 | 73.2 | 87.7 | 49.7 | 86.7 | 44.3 | 44.2 | 34.2 | 26.3 | 22.2 | 20.3 | 1.78 | 61.4 | 170.5 |
Mot. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 66.7 | 60.3 | 57.0 | 28.5 | 25.6 | 16.3 | 20.0 | 21.1 | 56.1 | 71.8 | 87.0 | 53.6 | 90.5 | 43.0 | 48.7 | 35.2 | 26.0 | 23.9 | 21.0 | 1.79 | 63.5 | 174.3 |
Nov. 24.. | 67.8 | 60.0 | 59.0 | 26.6 | 24.1 | 15.3 | 19.8 | 21.0 | 56.0 | 65.0 | 83.5 | 47.7 | 84.2 | 43.2 | 48.3 | 34.1 | 25.8 | 21.5 | 19.9 | 1.70 | 57.0 | 175.4 |
1 Feb. 2.. | 67.3 | 59.5 | 57.5 | 25.5 | 24.2 | 15.6 | 19.6 | 21.2 | 55.8 | 67.5 | 83.2 | 49.2 | 86.1 | 43.2 | 45.3 | 33.3 | 25.8 | 22.5 | 20.2 | 1.68 | 58.6 | 174.3 |
Pea. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 69. | 2 58.5 | 54.5 | 33.5 | 27.8 | 18.3 | 20.2 | 21.5 | 56.4 | 76.3 | 95.5 | 55.8 | 95.3 | 41.8 | 46.5 | 36.9 | 25.5 | 23.3 | 22.3 | 1.88 | 69.3 | 168.5 |
Nov. 24.. | 67. | 3 58.5 | 53.6 | 30.8 | 25.7 | 17.1 | 19.6 | 20.8 | 55.8 | 69.8 | 90.5 | 51.3 | 90.2 | 41.0 | 45.9 | 34.1 | 25.6 | 23.1 | 21.5 | 1.74 | 62.8 | 169.1 |
Feb. 2.. | 68. | 7 59.7 | 55.4 | 29.5 | 26.3 | 17.2 | 19.0 | 21.1 | 54.4 | 72.0 | 91.0 | 52.0 | 90.0 | 41.5 | 46.2 | 35.2 | 25.8 | .23.1 | 21.4 | 1.76 | 62.3 | 169.0 |
Pec. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 65.8 | 56.9 | 57.8 | 28.8 | 26.5 | 17.0 | 20.6 | 22.7 | 58.5 | 73.0 | 87.7 | 53.5 | 91.0 | 42.1 | 49.0 | 36.5 | 25.5 | 24.1 | 22.0 | 1.84 | 64.3 | 170.1 |
Nov. 24. . | 66]. | 56.9 | 58.6 | 26.1 | 25.1 | 16.4 | 20.8 | 21.6 | 56.7 | 67.6 | 84.6 | 49.9 | 85.7 | 42.2 | 47.7 | 35.8 | 26.5 | 23.0 | 21.3 | 1.74 | 60.0 | 170.7 |
Feb. 2.. | 65.5 | 57.1 | 57.2 | 25.8 | 25.2 | 16.1 | 20.7 | 21.8 | 57.3 | 70.9 | 84.5 | 48.3 | 86.7 | 41.3 | 47.5 | 35.1 | 25.7 | 23.5 | 21.3 | 1.74 | 60.0 | 170.7 |
Spe. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 65.5 | 55.7 | 58.5 | 30.0 | 25.3 | 16.5 | 20.8 | 20.6 | 55.2 | 73.3 | 88.7 | 55.5 | 90.3 | 42.5 | 47.7 | 35.5 | 25.0 | 22.8 | 20.8 | 1.79 | 63.5 | 171.1 |
Nov. 24.. | 62.8 | 55.5 | 60.6 | 25.4 | 22.7 | 15.4 | 20.0 | 20.3 | 57.2 | 64.8 | 83.3 | 48.8 | 84.3 | 40.9 | 48.8 | 33.5 | 25.7 | 21.8 | 19.5 | 1.67 | 55.8 | 171.8 |
Tom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 62.0 | 56.5 | 59.5 | 28.5 | 25.2 | 17.0 | 21.0 | 21.2 | 57.2 | 67.8 | 89.0 | 52.0 | 86.5 | 44.8 | 49.0 | 34.7 | 25.5 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 1.79 | 59.5 | 175.6 |
Nov. 24.. | 66.1 | 55.0 | 58.0 | 25.6 | 23.6 | 16.4 | 20.3 | 21.0 | 57.8 | 64.2 | 80.1 | 48.7 | 83.1 | 44.0 | 47.9 | 33.0 | 26.8 | 23.0 | 20.6 | 1.69 | 56.0 | 175.9 |
Feb. 2.. | 66.7 | 56.1 | 57.5 | 26.1 | 23.4 | 16.8 | 19.5 | 21.0 | 56.5 | 64.5 | 81.5 | 48.5 | 84.0 | 43.0 | 48.5 | 33.0 | 26.1 | 22.5 | 20.3 | 1.67 | 55.9 | 175.5 |
Vea. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sept. 29.. | 66.5 | 58.0 | 58.0 | 29.0 | 26.0 | 17.5 | 21.7 | 21.3 | 57.0 | 75.0 | 88.2 | 54.0 | 91.5 | 44.5 | 47.0 | 34.5 | 25.2 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 1.84 | 65.8 | 174.9 |
Nov. 24.. | 65.6 | 57.9 | 58.2 | 26.9 | 24.4 | 17.2 | 21.1 | 20.7 | 56.1 | 68.3 | 83.6 | 49.8 | 87.1 | 43.5 | 46.2 | 33.6 | 26.3 | 22.5 | 21.7 | 1.72 | 60.3 | 174.3 |
Feb. 2.. | 67.3 | 58.3 | 59.2 | 27.4 | 24.6 | 17.4 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 54.5 | 69.0 | 84.0 | 48.7 | 87.5 | 45.6 | 47.3 | 34.5 | 26.3 | 22.7 | 21.8 | 1.75 | 59.3 | 174.2 |
Table 14. - Body-Surface Measurements (Du Bois) For Squad B
Subject and data. | A | B | F | 0 | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | P | Q | W | R | 8 | T | U | V | Area computed from formula. | Body-weight without clothing. | Height. |
Fis | cm | cm. | cm. | cm. | em. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm.. | cm.. | sq. m. | kg. | cm. |
Jan. 6.. | 69.8 | 58.3 | 60.9 | 32 9 | 28.9 | 18.3 | 21.2 | 22.4 | 58.2 | 79.9 | 93.6 | 58.0 | 98.3 | 38.6 | 48.0 | 37.0 | 26.3 | 23.7 | 22.3 | 1.93 | 76.3 | 176.1 |
Jan. 37.. | 08.0 | 57.6 | 58.5 | 30.5 | 27.6 | 17.8 | 20.7 | 22.0 | 68.7 | 74.2 | 89.0 | 52.5 | 94.5 | 39.0 | 48.0 | 36.0 | 26.2 | 23.0 | 21.5 | 1.85 | 72.3 | 175.9 |
Has. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 64.9 | 54.9 | 68.2 | 30.4 | 28.2 | 17.5 | 20.4 | 22.1 | 58.0 | 71.5 | 88.4 | 57.5 | 91.1 | 43.2 | 46.1 | 35.3 | 25.0 | 23.2 | 21.7 | 1.83 | 63.7 | 173.9 |
Jan. 27.. | 04.0 | 53.8 | 58.1 | 28.5 | 20.8 | 16.9 | 20.3 | 22.1 | 57.5 | 67.6 | 86.6 | 55.0 | 88.1 | 43.3 | 45.4 | 33.8 | 24.5 | 22.9 | 20.8 | 1.75 | 59.6 | 173.7 |
How. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 08.7 | 57.5 | 59.2 | 31.1 | 28.0 | 17.1 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 58.2 | 77.3 | 93.5 | 59.0 | 99.1 | 41.4 | 51.0 | 36.7 | 27.0 | 24.8 | 23.4 | 1.95 | 72.0 | 178.3 |
Jan. 27.. | 66.9 | 57.1 | 58.2 | 28.9 | 26.4 | 16.4 | 20.0 | 21.0 | 57.5 | 72.0 | 89.0 | 56.3 | 94.6 | 43.0 | 50.3 | 35.0 | 26.5 | 23.8 | 22.5 | 1.85 | 66.6 | 178.0 |
Ham. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 69.5 | 59.5 | 61.6 | 32.2 | 27.2 | 17.3 | 21.0 | 20.6 | 59.9 | 77.7 | 93.6 | 59.9 | 99.4 | 44.5 | 47.8 | 33.8 | 26.5 | 23.4 | 21.1 | 1.97 | 74.8 | 183.2 |
Jan. 27.. | 08.9 | 59.1 | 62.2 | 30.0 | 26.3 | 17.1 | 19.4 | 20.8 | 61.8 | 73.7 | 90.9 | 59.0 | 95.3 | 43.8 | 48.8 | 33.9 | 26.7 | 23.8 | 21.1 | 1.94 | 70.7 | 183.1 |
Kim. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 09.2 | 57.2 | 61.4 | 27.5 | 26.0 | 15.1 | 20.6 | 19.6 | 55.7 | 73.0 | 85.4 | 51.0 | 89.7 | 43.8 | 49.7 | 34.3 | 25.5 | 23.0 | 20.7 | 1.78 | 61.9 | 175.6 |
Jan. 27.. | 68.5 | 56.6 | 59.8 | 26.0 | 24.7 | 15.2 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 55.5 | 69.6 | 83.0 | 48.5 | 87.6 | 44.0 | 48.3 | 32.7 | 25.5 | 21. 0 | 19.5 | 1.70 | 60.7 | 175.6 |
Bob. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 69.1 | 56.1 | 55.8 | 32.2 | 28.7 | 18.0 | 21.2 | 22.6 | 53.5 | 74.6 | 97.4 | 55.5 | 93.0 | 42.5 | 44.6 | 36.2 | 26.5 | 24.0 | 21.4 | 1.84 | 68.6 | 166.0 |
Jan. 27.. | 69.2 | 56.5 | 56.3 | 31.3 | 27.5 | 17.9 | 21.1 | 22.1 | 53.1 | 72.9 | 93.1 | 51.1 | 89.3 | 43.0 | 44.4 | 35.0 | 26.8 | 23.1 | 20.8 | 1.78 | 64.2 | 165.3 |
Liv. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. ft.. | 66.7 | 58.1 | 54.0 | 30.8 | 26.7 | 17.2 | 18.4 | 19.1 | 55.9 | 74.8 | 92.1 | 56.3 | 92.1 | 38.3 | 41.8 | 32.9 | 24.0 | 22.3 | 20.2 | 1.71 | 63.6 | 161.1 |
Jan. 27.. | 65.5 | 57.4 | 53.0 | 27.2 | 25.0 | 15.7 | 18.5 | 19.0 | 55.0 | 69.5 | 88.0 | 49.5 | 85.5 | 39.5 | 43.0 | 31.0 | 24.2 | 21.5 | 19.5 | 1.61 | 59.3 | 160.9 |
SNE | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 65.0 | 54.8 | 58.2 | 32.5 | 28.5 | 18.0 | 19.5 | 20.8 | 57.4 | 75.6 | 94.5 | 60.5 | 98.2 | 43.8 | 46.0 | 36.8 | 24.2 | 23.0 | 21.0 | 1.90 | 72.9 | 174.9 |
Jan. 27.. | 63.3 | 53.2 | 57.7 | 30.4 | 27.0 | 17.0 | 19.5 | 20.2 | 56.0 | 70.3 | 88.2 | 55.0 | 93.0 | 44.5 | 45.7 | 34.8 | 24.2 | 22.4 | 20.0 | 1.77 | 08.4 | 174.0 |
Tho. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 65.9 | 57.0 | 60.2 | 27.8 | 25.5 | 17.2 | 20.8 | 21.1 | 55 3 | 71 1 | 87 7 | 53 6 | 90 4 | 44.4 | 52.0 | 36.4 | 26.8 | 23.4 | 21.4 | 1.83 | 63.2 | 177.9 |
Jan. 27.. | 65.5 | 56.8 | 61.5 | 27.0 | 25.0 | 17.0 | 20.8 | 20.8 | 55.0 | 69.0 | 84.4 | 50.4 | 88.5 | 44.0 | 51.4 | 35.0 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 20.3 | 1.77 | 59.9 | 177.5 |
Van. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 66.9 | 56.2 | 60.3 | 30.0 | 27.2 | 17.9 | 20.8 | 22.0 | 56.0 | 74.6 | 92.1 | 53.6 | 94.6 | 46.3 | 47.1 | 34.4 | 26.8 | 25.2 | 21.4 | 1.89 | 69.8 | 178.7 |
Jan. 27.. | 67.4 | 55.8 | 62.5 | 28.0 | 26.2 | 17.0 | 20.2 | ! 21.6 | 58.5 | 71.2 | 88.7 | 50.3 | 91.2 | 46.2 | 47.0 | 34.0 | 27.0 | 23.9 | 21.0 | 1.85 | 65.4 | 178.4 |
WlL. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 65.5 | 55.0 | 51.9 | 29.2 | 26.5 | 16.7 | 18.€ | 20.5 | 55.1 | 70.2 | 88.0 | 53.3 | 89.5 | 38.7 | 43.3 | 34.4 | 24.7 | 22.5 | 19.7 | 1.66 | 59.8 | 164.0 |
Jan. 27.. | 64.5 | 54.5 | 52.0 | 28.0 | 25.5 | 15.7 | 18.5 | 19.5 | 53.5 | 67.0 | 82.5 | 49.5 | 86.5 | 41.0 | 43.5 | 33.0 | 24.5 | 21.4 | 19.2 | 1.58 | 57.1 | 164.0 |
Table 15. - Body-Surface Measurements (Du Bois) For Fre, Lon, And Mcm
Subject and date. | A | B | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | P | Q | W | R | S | T | U | V | Area computed from formula. | Body-weight without clothing. | Height. |
Fre. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | Cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | sq. m. | kg. | cm. |
Sept. 29.. | 66.7 | 56.2 | 58.0 | 29.1 | 25.6 | 15.5 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 53.7 | 68.7 | 87.4 | 49.0 | 83.3 | 43.9 | 43.9 | 33.3 | 24.5 | 21.8 | 19.3 | 1.67 | 57.5 | 167.1 |
Lon. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 27.. | 67.1 | 54.2 | 60.0 | 28.5 | 26.3 | 17.2 | 21.4 | 21.0 | 57.8 | 66.8 | 91.8 | 49.4 | 88.0 | 43.0 | 49.5 | 34.0 | 25.7 | 22.5 | 20.0 | 1.80 | 63.8 | 178.4 |
McM. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 5.. | 66.5 | 57.0 | 55.5 | 31.2 | 27.5 | 17.2 | 18.5 | 21.2 | 56.0 | 76.3 | 86.4 | 55.2 | 95.1 | 42.0 | 44.8 | 34.8 | 26.0 | 22.0 | 22.8 | 1.79 | 68.8 | 169.8 |
Table 16. - Du Bois Linear Formula To Determine Surface Area
Subject, Kenneth B. Canfield. Date, Sept. 29, 1917.
Nude weight (kg.), 79.75. Height (cm.), 176.9.
Surface area (sq. m.), linear formula, 2.03; height-weight chart, 1.97.
Cm. | Log. | Sq. cm. | ||
Head.................................. 0.308 | 48855 | Head 1,162 | ||
AB 0.308 | A Around vertex and chin.... | 66.8 | 82478 | Arms 2,894 |
B Occiput and forehead... | 56.5 | 75205 | Hands 1,030 | |
06538 | Trunk 7,694 | |||
Thighs 3,689 | ||||
Legs 2,540 | ||||
Arms.......................................................................0.661 | 78604 | Feet 1,329 | ||
F (G+H+I) 0.611 | F Acromium process to lower border radius.... | 59.2 | 77232 | 20,338 |
G Circumference at axilla. .33.2 | 80.0 | 90309 | = 2.034 sq.m. | |
H Largest of forearm.........................28.4 | ||||
I Smallest of forearm.........................18.4 | ||||
46145 | ||||
Hands..................................2.22 | 34635 | |||
JK 2.22 | J Radius to tip second finger.... | 20.9 | 32015 | |
K Circumference hand at knuckles | 22.2 | 34635 | ||
01285 | ||||
...........................0.703 | 84696 | |||
L (M+N) | L Suprasternal notch to pubes... | 60.4 | 78104 | |
0.703 | M Circumference at umbillicus....................................86.5 | 181.2 | 25816 | |
N Circumference at nipples 94.7 | ||||
88616 | ||||
Thigs.........................................................................0.552 | 74194 | |||
W (P+Q) 0.552 | W Superior border pubes to lower border patella.... | 42.0 | 62325 | |
P Circumference at perineum...........................................60.1 | 159.1 | 20167 | ||
Q Circumference hips and buttocks......................................99.0 | ||||
56686 | ||||
Legs ..............................................................................1.40 | 14613 | |||
RS 1.40 | R Sole of foot to lower border patella.................... | 49.7 | 69636 | |
S Circumference at lower border patella........................ | 36.5 | 56229 | ||
40478 | ||||
Feet ...............................................................................1.04 | 01703 | |||
T (U+V) | 26.9 | 42975 | ||
1.04 | U Circumference base fifth tes..............................................24.0 | 47.5 | 67669 | |
V Smallest circumference ankle.......................................23.5 | ||||
12347 | ||||
The girth at the axilla, G, likewise shows a considerable loss. To bring out more sharply the changes in these measurements as the research progressed, the final losses in these particular circumferences have been tabulated in table 17, together with the initial body-weights and the final percentage losses in body-weight. The losses in the girth G with Squad A ranged from 4.6 to 1.6 cm., with an average loss for the group of 2.8 cm. With M (the circumference at the umbilicus) we have losses ranging from 10.3 cm. with Can, who was distinctly overweight and fat, to a minimum of 2.1 cm. with Pec, who was a thoroughly well-trained and hardened athlete, and distinctly "fine" at the beginning of the experiment. The average loss in this measurement for the whole group is 5.3 cm.
Table 17. - Final Losses In Weight And Circumferences, Squads A And B
Subject. | Initial body-weight. | Final loss in body-weight. | Decrease in circumferences.1 | |||||
Axilla | Umbilicus | Nipples | Perineum | Hips and buttocks (Q). | Average. | |||
Squad A: | kg. | p. ct. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. | cm. |
Bro....... | 61.8 | 12.0 | 2.8 | 6.1 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
Can... | 79.8 | 13.2 | 3.2 | 10.3 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 5.8 |
Kon....... | 69.0 | 10.9 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 4.3 |
Gar... | 71.3 | 11.6 | 2.0 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.3 |
Gul........ | 66.8 | 8.7 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 |
Mon... | 68.8 | 11.9 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 3.9 |
Moy... | 63.5 | 9.0 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.0 |
Pea....... | 69.3 | 11.5 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 4.4 |
Pec........ | 64.3 | 8.1 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 3.6 |
Sne... | 63.5 | 212.4 | 4.6 | 8.5 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.2 |
Tom | 59.5 | 7.4 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 7.5 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.8 |
Vea....... | 65.8 | 11.1 | 1.6 | 6.0 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
Average.. | 67.0 | 10.7 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.4 |
Squad B: | ||||||||
Fis........ | 76.3 | 6.0 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 4.4 |
Har....... | 63.7 | 7.2 | 1.9 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.6 |
How... | 72.0 | 8.1 | 2.2 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 2.7 | 4.5 | 3.8 |
Ham.... | 74.8 | 6.6 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 2.7 | .9 | 4.1 | 2.8 |
Kim....... | 61.9 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 |
Sch........ | 68.6 | 7.0 | .9 | 1.7 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 3.0 |
Liv... | 63.6 | 7.9 | 3.6 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 5.3 |
Sne........ | 72.9 | 7.1 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 4.8 |
Tho....... | 63.2 | 6.2 | .8 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 2.3 |
Van....... | 69.8 | 7.2 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.1 |
Wil........ | 59.8 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 3.3 |
Average.. | 67.9 | 6.5 | 1.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.4 |
1 With Squad B all decreases were found at the period of minimum weight after 3 weeks of reduced diet. 2 Spe withdrew from Squad A on December 15, owing to illness.
The largest loss in the circumference at the nipples, N, is that of Tom, of 7.5 cm., which is somewhat singular, inasmuch as this subject was fairly thin at the beginning of the study. The minimum is again found with Pec, i. e., 3.2 cm., while the average'loss for the whole group is 5.1, cm.
The maximum loss for P, the girth at the perineum, occurred with Spe, 6.7 cm., while the minimum is with Gul, 2.6 cm. The average for the group is 4.6 cm. The largest loss in the circumference at the hips and buttocks, Q, is again found with Spe, with a decrease of 6.0 cm., and the minimum with Tom, with a loss of 2.5 cm. The average for the group is 4.3 cm.
When averaged somewhat arbitrarily, the losses in the five main circumferences for the whole group show a maximum loss with Spe of 6.2 cm., followed closely by Can, with 5.8 cm., with a minimum for Pec, the highly trained athlete, of 3.6 cm. The average for the group is 4.4 cm.
While in general many of the measurements show decreases roughly approximate to the percentage loss in body-weight, in certain instances the decrease is quite contrary to the percentage loss in body-weight. This is particularly true of the measurement N with Tom, this subject showing a larger decrease in this measurement than any other subject, although he had the smallest body-weight and his percentage loss in body-weight was the smallest. From a general inspection of the data no striking uniformity appears. Apparently no simple mathematical relationship between the decreases in girth and either the total loss or the percentage loss in body-weight may be established.
Continue to:
My Books
