This exercise is given to show a method of making a ring without the use of special tools. Fig. 163 shows a piece which was cut from the bottom of a box.

A 5/8-inch hole was bored through the center of the piece, and it was forced on to an arbor. Read what is said about arbors in Part III.

Turn the outside of the ring in the same manner as an ordinary bead is turned (Figs. 23 and 33). With the skew chisel held as shown in Fig. 164

Fig. 162. Plain Ring.

Fig. 163. Ring Blank on Arbor for Turning.

scrape around towards the inside of the ring from both the right and the left sides.

In this manner shape the ring, until it is nearly severed from the waste material. Polish the ring carefully, reaching as far inside as you can.

After the ring has been polished, cut it entirely free, holding the chisel the same as in Fig. 164. Rings may be made on the stems of goblets in this manner. Smooth and polish the inside of the ring by hand,

Fig. 164. Turning the Ring.

after removing it from the lathe.

To finish the ring-on the inside, it may be placed in a chuck, as shown in Fig. 165. After one side has been polished, reverse the ring and polish the other side.

Instead of using the "cut and try" method of making the hole in the chuck, you may set the inside

Fig. 165. Ring in Chuck.

calipers and hold them as shown in Fig. 263. Do not attempt to touch them to the chuck while it is in motion.