Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, a German physicist, born at Oberramstadt, near Darmstadt, July 1, 1742, died in Gottingen, Feb. 24, 1799. He was educated at Darmstadt and Gottingen, and appointed professor of mathematics at the university of the latter place in 1770, and subsequently of experimental philosophy. During two visits to England he studied the English character and literature, and acquired that stock of information which he afterward turned to account in his unfinished Erklarung der Hogarthischen Kupferstiche (Gottingen, 1794-'9). From 1778 till his death he was editor of the Gottingischer Taschenkalender, and in 1780 he began, in connection with Georg Forster, the Gottingisches Magazin der Literatur und Wissensehqft, which was discontinued in 1785. Among his other works are: Ueber Physiognomik wider die Physiog-nomen (1778), in which he ridiculed Lavater's science of physiognomy, and Ueber die Pronunciation der Schopse des alten Griechenland (1782), a satire on Voss's proposed modification of the spelling of words derived from the Greek. A complete edition of his works was published at Gottingen (9 vols. 8vo, 1800-'6, and 0 vols., 1844-'5).