Gnstnv Nachtigal, a German traveller, born at Eichstedt, Prussian Saxony, Feb. 23, 1834. He practised medicine in Algeria from 1859 to 1863, when he entered the service of the bey of Tunis as a military doctor, and eventually became his body physician. In 1869 he volunteered to accompany a caravan to Kuka, to convey presents from the king of Prussia to the sheikh of Bornoo in return for his kindness to various German travellers. He left Tripoli Feb. 18, 1869, and reached Moorzook March 27. While the expedition was delayed he explored Tibesti, the country of the Tib-boos, and finally left Moorzook April 18, 1870, reaching Kuka July 6. He collected geographical materials about Bornoo, visited Kanem and Lake Tchad, acquiring much valuable information concerning the southern Sahara, and went to Baghirmi, where he explored the Shari and its many branches, returning several times to Kuka. In the beginning of March, 1873, he set out on his return through Waday, passing S. of Lake Tchad to Abeshr, the present capital of Waday. While there he visited Dar Runga', a vassal state, which stretches southward to about lat. 8° N. He arrived at the capital of Darfoor on March 17, 1874, and reached Cairo in November, no European having ever before succeeded in making the journey through from Waday. Petermann published in 1874 his Die tributuren Heidenlander Baghirmis. For an account of his late explorations see the London "Geographical Magazine" for October, 1874.