Elements Of Woodwork | by Charles A. King
In preparing this book, it has been the author's purpose to present, in as complete and concise form as possible, the knowledge which every wood-worker should possess regarding the care and use of his tools and the material upon which he employs them.
| Title | Elements Of Woodwork |
| Author | Charles A. King |
| Publisher | American Book Company |
| Year | 1911 |
| Copyright | 1911, Charles A. King |
| Amazon | Elements Of Woodwork |
King's Series In Woodwork And Carpentry
Elements Of Woodwork
By
Charles A. King
Director Of Manual Training Eastern High School, Bay City, Michigan
New York • • Cincinnati •:• Chicago
American Book Company
King's Series In Woodwork And Carpentry:
"Elements Of Woodwork", "Elements Of Construction", "Constructive Carpentry", "Inside Finishing", "Handbook For Teachers"
Copyright, 1911, by Charles A. King.
Entered at Stationers' Hall, London.
W. P. I
Preface To The Series- This series consists of five volumes, four of which are intended as textbooks for pupils in manual-training, industrial, trade, tech nical, or normal schools. The fifth book of the series, the Hand b...
- Preface To Elements Of Woodwork
- In preparing this book, it has been the author's purpose to present, in as complete and concise form as possible, the knowledge which every wood-worker should possess regarding the care and use of his...
- List Of Illustrations
- Fig. 1. Section of Yellow Pine 2. Section of Oak Tree Trunk 3. Defects in Lumber . 4. Felling a Tree .... 5. Cutting Small Branches from Felled Spruce 6. Skid way of Spruce Logs . 7. Load of Wh...
- Chapter I Growth Of Wood
- 1. Kinds of trees used for lumber. - (A.) The classifi cation of trees here considered is based upon the method by which the trunk, or stem, of a tree is formed. The term exogenous is applied to outsi...
- Growth Of Wood. Continued
- Fig. 2. - Section of Oak Tree Trunk. a, pith; b, heartwood, or duramen; c, sapwood, or alburnum; d, cambium; e, bast, or inner bark; f, outer bark, or corky layer; g, medullary rays, or silver grai...
- Chapter II Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood
- 8. The manufacture of lumber. - (A.) There are two distinct processes in the preparation of lumber for com mercial purposes, logging and sawing; the former includes all the steps from felling the tree...
- Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood. Part 2
- (J.) In modern large lumbering operations, the timber to be cut is selected by trained foresters, thus insuring a per manent supply, and in the near future all extensive lum bering operations will, be...
- Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood. Part 3
- The principal reason why there can be no permanent grading of lumber is that the forests from which the finest timber can be cut in marketable quantities are being destroyed faster than they can be re...
- Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood. Part 4
- Shingles should be of wood which will resist decay, and which has the least tendency to warp and split. Boards which are to be used for siding should hold paint well, and be as free as possible from ...
- Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood. Part 5
- (J.) Cherry (dec.) is one of the best of our native woods. It is much used for fine finish and for cabinet work, as it holds its shape well, if thoroughly seasoned, and takes a fine finish. Its grain ...
- Lumbering And Varieties Of Wood. Part 6
- (T.) Oak (dec.) is our best all-round native wood. It is found abundantly in nearly all parts of the country, and forms the larger part of our broad-leaved forests. There are a number of species of oa...
- Chapter III Care Of Lumber
- 14. The piling of lumber. - (A.) To the uninitiated it may seem that the piling of lumber is work upon which it is not necessary to expend much skill, but there are few operations in which carelessnes...
- Care Of Lumber. Part 2
- Boards of practically the same width, if less than 7 wide, are sometimes stacked in double courses, as shown in Fig. 24, the outside of the boards, or the sides which grew nearer the out side of the ...
- Care Of Lumber. Part 3
- The induced draft dry kiln requires quite an expensive equipment, as the blower and the appliance which drive it are necessary in addition to the equipment of the kiln itself, which would be similar i...
- Chapter IV Tools
- 27. How to purchase tools. - (A.) The quality of the tools used by the mechanic is of the greatest importance. They should be selected carefully, and while it is the poorest economy to buy anything bu...
- Tools. Part 2
- 33. The gauge (A.), Fig. 34, is for the purpose of making lines parallel to the face or working side or edge. Usually it is made in four pieces: the head (a), which is held against the face side or ...
- Tools. Part 3
- The teeth of a ripsaw (Fig. 41, A) are suitable for sawing in a direction parallel with the general direction of the grain. The points of different saws may be from one third to one seventh of an inch...
- Tools. Part 4
- (E.) It is the custom of some carpenters to reset the handles of their heavy saws by drilling holes through the blade so that the handle may be fastened as close to the cutting edge as possible, as in...
- Tools. Part 5
- The above illustrates all the adjusting mechanism; the other parts of the plane are as follows: handle (11); knob (12); handle bolt and nut (13); knob bolt and nut (14); handle screw (15...
- Tools. Part 6
- In fitting the cap iron to the top of the cutter, a very fine, sharp file should be used. The filing must all be done upon the under side of the cap iron, at the places where it rests upon the face or...
- Tools. Part 7
- (B.) In using the block plane, do not make the cuts from edge to edge, or chips will be broken off at the cor ners; instead, plane from each edge, and stop the stroke be fore the other edge is reached...
- Tools. Part 8
- (E.) In sharpening a mortise chisel, it should be ground at an angle of not less than 30, as a thinner edge would be apt to break upon coming in contact with a knot. A paring chisel may be ground...
- Tools. Part 9
- (B.) The ratchet bitbrace (Fig. 70) differs from the ordinary brace only in the ratchet attachment. It is an indispensable tool to an up-to-date workman, as it may be used in many places where an ordi...
- Tools. Part 10
- At B, Fig. 79, is shown the method of turning the edge of a bevel edge scraper; the student will notice that the angles are similar to those shown at A, except that the first stroke is made at nearly ...
- Tools. Part 11
- In using a scraper, it may be grasped as shown in Figs. 82, 83, 84, as best suits the work being done, and the strokes should be with the grain. In using this tool, as in the use of most others, the e...
- Tools. Part 12
- 62. Whetstones. - (A.) These are used to give to a tool the keen edge necessary to cut wood smoothly. The natural stone in most common use is the Washita stone, which is quarried in the Ozark Mounta...
- Tools. Part 13
- A saw to be used upon green lumber should have coarser teeth and more set than one which is to be used upon thoroughly dry, seasoned wood. A panel saw in tended for use upon fine finishing work usuall...
- Tools. Part 14
- 34. What will be the result if the head of a hammer is not properly tempered? Why is the eye shaped as it is? How is the handle fast ened to the head? Describe the wood necessary for a hammer handle. ...
- Chapter V Glue And Sandpaper
- 65. Different kinds of glue. - (A.) Wood-workers use both liquid and sheet or stick glue, but as the former requires little skill in its use, we will deal principally with the latter, which is made of...
- Glue And Sandpaper. Continued
- (E.) The glue should be spread rapidly and evenly with a brush of suitable size, - a large one for broad surfaces and a small one for small work. Glue should not be thrown about wastefully; enough sho...
- Chapter VI Wood Finishing
- 69. Filling. - (A.) After wood has been smoothed and made ready to receive the finish, it is prepared by filling, by which is meant the process of filling the grain so that the finish itself will not ...
- Wood Finishing. Part 2
- (J.) A beautiful green of any intensity may be pro duced by mixing verdigris and indigo in hot vinegar, and applying hot. Several coats may be necessary, sanding between the coats. The indigo should b...
- Wood Finishing. Part 3
- 72. Wax finishing is a good method of finishing any kind of hard or dark-colored wood; (A.) it does not give as satisfactory results, however, as do some other methods of finishing, upon soft or light...
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